University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic.
Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic.
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 16;7(1):8406. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07760-1.
Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cDCE), which is a common hazardous compound, often accumulates during incomplete reductive dechlorination of higher chlorinated ethenes (CEs) at contaminated sites. Simple monoaromatics, such as toluene and phenol, have been proven to induce biotransformation of cDCE in microbial communities incapable of cDCE degradation in the absence of other carbon sources. The goal of this microcosm-based laboratory study was to discover non-toxic natural monoaromatic secondary plant metabolites (SPMEs) that could enhance cDCE degradation in a similar manner to toluene and phenol. Eight SPMEs were selected on the basis of their monoaromatic molecular structure and widespread occurrence in nature. The suitability of the SPMEs chosen to support bacterial growth and to promote cDCE degradation was evaluated in aerobic microbial cultures enriched from cDCE-contaminated soil in the presence of each SPME tested and cDCE. Significant cDCE depletions were achieved in cultures enriched on acetophenone, phenethyl alcohol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and trans-cinnamic acid. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of each microbial community revealed ubiquitous enrichment of bacteria affiliated with the genera Cupriavidus, Rhodococcus, Burkholderia, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. Our results provide further confirmation of the previously stated secondary compound hypothesis that plant metabolites released into the rhizosphere can trigger biodegradation of environmental pollutants, including cDCE.
顺-1,2-二氯乙烯（cDCE）是一种常见的危险化合物，在污染场地中，高氯代乙烯（CEs）不完全还原脱氯过程中经常会积累。简单的单芳烃，如甲苯和苯酚，已被证明可以在没有其他碳源的情况下，诱导微生物群落中不能降解 cDCE 的生物转化。本基于微宇宙的实验室研究的目的是发现非毒性的天然单芳烃次生植物代谢物（SPMEs），以类似于甲苯和苯酚的方式增强 cDCE 的降解。根据其单芳烃分子结构和在自然界中的广泛存在，选择了 8 种 SPMEs。在每种 SPME 测试和 cDCE 的存在下，从 cDCE 污染土壤中富集的好氧微生物培养物中评估所选 SPME 对细菌生长和促进 cDCE 降解的适宜性。在苯乙酮、苯乙醇、对羟基苯甲酸和反式肉桂酸的培养物中，实现了 cDCE 的显著消耗。对每个微生物群落的 16S rRNA 基因序列分析表明，与 Cupriavidus、Rhodococcus、Burkholderia、Acinetobacter 和 Pseudomonas 属细菌普遍富集。我们的结果进一步证实了先前提出的次生化合物假说，即释放到根际的植物代谢物可以触发包括 cDCE 在内的环境污染物的生物降解。
