Maille Gérald, Saliba-Serre Bérengère, Ferrandez Anne-Marie, Ruquet Michel
UMR 7268 ADÉS, Aix-Marseille Université-EFS-CNRS, Faculté de Médecine Nord.
Faculté d'Odontologie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille Cedex, France.
Clin Interv Aging. 2017 Jul 31;12:1159-1166. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S135542. eCollection 2017.
We aimed to analyze, from the data in a national survey, the use of oral care and the oral health status of patients living at home or in an institution.
Patients aged 60 years and older have important oral health needs, but their oral management may differ according to their immediate environment. The fact of living at home or in an institution can influence the use of care and alter the patients' perception of their oral health status.
The data analyzed were taken from a survey on disability and health carried out in 2008-2009, which is representative of the population living in France. It consists of two sections, one centered on disability and health among home-dwellers and the other on patients living in an institution. In each of these two populations, we carried out descriptive analysis of three themes: use of care, forgoing of care, and oral health.
Although visits to physicians and specialists were frequent, visits to dentists were lower in both populations. While a minority of patients forwent care, it was dental care that was mainly forgone by both home-dwellers and institutionalized patients. The cost factor remained the principal reason, but other factors such as fear or accessibility problems were cited. Use of a dental appliance was considerably more frequent among institutionalized patients than among home-dwellers, with just over half the institutionalized population wearing a dental appliance. Perceived state of oral health remained difficult to interpret.
To improve access to oral care for the elderly, the patients, their entourage and health providers need increased awareness and information on the importance of good oral health. Better information must be associated with regular clinical examination.
我们旨在根据一项全国性调查的数据，分析居家或住机构的患者的口腔护理使用情况及口腔健康状况。
60岁及以上的患者有重要的口腔健康需求，但他们的口腔护理可能因其所处的直接环境而有所不同。居家或住机构这一事实会影响护理的使用，并改变患者对其口腔健康状况的认知。
所分析的数据取自2008 - 2009年进行的一项关于残疾与健康的调查，该调查代表了法国的居民人口。它由两部分组成，一部分聚焦居家者的残疾与健康，另一部分聚焦住机构的患者。在这两类人群中，我们对三个主题进行了描述性分析：护理的使用、放弃护理以及口腔健康。
尽管看医生和专科医生的情况很常见，但这两类人群看牙医的次数都较少。虽然少数患者放弃护理，但居家者和住机构的患者主要放弃的是牙科护理。成本因素仍然是主要原因，但也提到了其他因素，如恐惧或就医便利性问题。住机构的患者使用牙科器具的频率明显高于居家者，超过一半的住机构人群佩戴牙科器具。对口腔健康状况的认知仍然难以解读。
为改善老年人获得口腔护理的机会，患者、其家属和医疗服务提供者需要提高对良好口腔健康重要性的认识并获取相关信息。更好的信息必须与定期临床检查相结合。
