Bjerre Lærke C, Larsen Thea M, Sørensen A Josefine, Santurette Sébastien, Jeong Cheol-Ho
Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of , Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of , Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Noise Health. 2017 Jul-Aug;19(89):183-192. doi: 10.4103/nah.NAH_109_16.
Regulations for quiet urban areas are typically based on sound level limits alone. However, the nonacoustic context may be crucial for subjective soundscape quality.
This study aimed at comparing the role of sound level and nonacoustic context for subjective urban soundscape assessment in the presence of the full on-site context, the visual context only, and without context.
Soundscape quality was evaluated for three recreational urban spaces by using four subjective attributes: loudness, acceptance, stressfulness, and comfort. The sound level was measured at each site and simultaneous sound recordings were obtained. Participants answered questionnaires either on site or during laboratory listening tests, in which the sound recordings were presented with or without each site's visual context consisting of two pictures. They rated the four subjective attributes along with their preference toward eight sound sources.
The sound level was found to be a good predictor of all subjective parameters in the laboratory, but not on site. Although all attributes were significantly correlated in the laboratory setting, they did not necessarily covary on site. Moreover, the availability of the visual context in the listening experiment had no significant effect on the ratings. The participants were overall more positive toward natural sound sources on site.
The full immersion in the on-site nonacoustic context may be important when evaluating overall soundscape quality in urban recreational areas. Laboratory evaluations may not fully reflect how subjective loudness, acceptance, stressfulness, and comfort are affected by sound level.
城市安静区域的规定通常仅基于声级限制。然而，非声学背景对于主观声景质量可能至关重要。
本研究旨在比较声级和非声学背景在有完整现场背景、仅有视觉背景以及无背景情况下对城市主观声景评估的作用。
通过使用响度、接受度、压力感和舒适度这四个主观属性，对三个城市休闲空间的声景质量进行评估。在每个地点测量声级并同时获取声音记录。参与者在现场或实验室听力测试期间回答问卷，在实验室听力测试中，声音记录会呈现有无由两张图片组成的每个地点的视觉背景。他们对四个主观属性以及对八个声源的偏好进行评分。
发现在实验室中声级是所有主观参数的良好预测指标，但在现场则不然。尽管在实验室环境中所有属性都显著相关，但在现场它们不一定协变。此外，听力实验中视觉背景的有无对评分没有显著影响。参与者在现场总体上对自然声源更为积极。
在评估城市休闲区域的整体声景质量时，完全沉浸在现场非声学背景中可能很重要。实验室评估可能无法完全反映声级如何影响主观响度、接受度、压力感和舒适度。
