Zheng Rongshou, Zeng Hongmei, Zhang Siwei, Chen Wanqing
National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.
Chin J Cancer. 2017 Aug 17;36(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s40880-017-0234-3.
Population-based cancer registration data are collected by the National Central Cancer Registry in China every year. Cancer incident cases and cancer deaths in 2013 were analyzed.
Through the procedure of quality control, reported data from 255 registries were accepted to establish the national database for cancer estimates. Incidences and mortalities were calculated with stratification by area (urban/rural), sex (male/female), age group (0, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14 … 80-84, and 85-year-old and above), and cancer site. The structure of Segi's population was used for the calculation of age-standardized rates (ASR). Top 10 most common cancers and leading causes of cancer deaths were listed.
In 2013, 3,682,200 new cancer cases and 2,229,300 cancer deaths were estimated in China based on the pooled data from 255 cancer registries, covering 16.65% of the national population. The incidence was 270.59/100,000, with an ASR of 186.15/100,000; the mortality was 166.83/100,000, with an ASR of 108.94/100,000. The top 10 most common cancer sites were the lung, stomach, liver, colorectum, female breast, esophagus, thyroid, cervix, brain, and pancreas. The ten leading causes of cancer deaths were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, female breast cancer, brain tumor, leukemia, and lymphoma.
Cancer leaves serious disease burden in China with high incidence and mortality. Lung cancer was the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in China. Efficient control strategy is needed, especially for major cancers.
中国国家癌症中心每年都会收集基于人群的癌症登记数据。对2013年的癌症发病病例和癌症死亡情况进行了分析。
通过质量控制程序，接受了来自255个登记处上报的数据，以建立全国癌症估计数据库。发病率和死亡率按地区（城市/农村）、性别（男/女）、年龄组（0岁、1 - 4岁、5 - 9岁、10 - 14岁……80 - 84岁以及85岁及以上）和癌症部位进行分层计算。采用Segi人口结构计算年龄标准化率（ASR）。列出了十大最常见癌症及癌症死亡的主要原因。
基于255个癌症登记处的汇总数据估计，2013年中国有3682200例新发癌症病例和2229300例癌症死亡病例，覆盖全国人口的16.65%。发病率为270.59/10万，年龄标准化率为186.15/10万；死亡率为166.83/10万，年龄标准化率为108.94/10万。十大最常见癌症部位为肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、女性乳腺癌、食管癌、甲状腺癌、宫颈癌、脑癌和胰腺癌。癌症死亡的十大主要原因是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌、胰腺癌、女性乳腺癌、脑肿瘤、白血病和淋巴瘤。
癌症在中国造成了严重的疾病负担，发病率和死亡率都很高。肺癌是中国最常见的癌症，也是癌症死亡的主要原因。需要有效的控制策略，尤其是针对主要癌症。
