National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2017 Sep;53(3S1):S14-S20. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.022.
Carcinogen exposure and unhealthy habits acquired in young adulthood can set the stage for the development of cancer at older ages. This study measured the current prevalence of several cancer risk factors among young adults to assess opportunities to intervene to change the prevalence of these risk factors and potentially reduce cancer incidence.
Using 2015 National Health Interview Survey data (analyzed in 2016), the prevalence of potential cancer risk factors was estimated among U.S. adults aged 18-44 years, based on responses to questions about diet, physical activity, tobacco product use, alcohol, indoor tanning, sleep, human papillomavirus vaccine receipt, and obesity, stratified by sex, age, and race/ethnicity.
The prevalence of some risk factors varied by age and race/ethnicity. Obesity (one in four people) and insufficient sleep (one in three people) were common among men and women. Physical inactivity (one in five men, one in four women); binge drinking (one in four men, one in eight women); cigarette smoking (one in five men, one in seven women); and frequent consumption of red meat (one in four men, one in six women) also were common. More than half of the population of adults aged 18-44 years consumed sugar-sweetened beverages daily and processed meat at least once a week. Most young adults had never had the human papillomavirus vaccine.
Findings can be used to target evidence-based environmental and policy interventions to reduce the prevalence of cancer risk factors among young adults and prevent the development of future cancers.
在成年早期接触致癌物质和养成的不健康习惯可能为老年时期癌症的发展埋下伏笔。本研究通过衡量当前年轻人中几种癌症风险因素的流行程度，评估了进行干预以改变这些风险因素的流行程度并可能降低癌症发病率的机会。
使用 2015 年全国健康访谈调查数据（于 2016 年进行分析），根据对饮食、身体活动、烟草制品使用、酒精、室内晒黑、睡眠、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种和肥胖等问题的回答，对美国 18-44 岁成年人中潜在癌症风险因素的流行程度进行了估计，该分析按性别、年龄和种族/族裔进行了分层。
一些风险因素的流行程度因年龄和种族/族裔而异。肥胖（四分之一的人）和睡眠不足（三分之一的人）在男性和女性中很常见。男性中有五分之一、女性中有四分之一不活跃；四分之一的男性、八分之一的女性 binge 饮酒；五分之一的男性、七分之一的女性吸烟；四分之一的男性、六分之一的女性经常食用红肉。超过一半的 18-44 岁成年人每天都喝含糖饮料，每周至少食用一次加工肉类。大多数年轻人从未接种过人乳头瘤病毒疫苗。
研究结果可用于针对特定人群实施基于证据的环境和政策干预措施，以降低年轻人中癌症风险因素的流行程度并预防未来癌症的发生。
