Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2017 Sep;53(3S1):S30-S39. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.023.
Chronic mental health problems often emerge in young adulthood, when adults begin to develop lifelong health behaviors and access preventive health services. The associations between mental health problems and modifiable cancer risk factors in young adulthood are not well understood.
In 2016, the authors analyzed 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data on demographic characteristics, health service access and use, health status, and cancer risk factors (tobacco use, alcohol use, overweight or obesity, physical activity, and sleep) for 90,821 young adults aged 18-39 years with mental health problems (depressive disorder or frequent mental distress) compared to other young adults.
Mental health problems were associated with white race; less than a high school education; lower income; being out of work or unable to work; being uninsured (for men only); poor health; previous diagnosis of asthma, skin cancer, or diabetes; and not having a recent checkup. After controlling for demographic characteristics, health service use, and health status, mental health problems among young adults were associated with smoking, binge drinking, inadequate sleep, having no leisure time physical activity, and being overweight or obese (among women only). Cervical cancer screening was not associated with mental health problems after controlling for demographic characteristics, health service use, and health status.
Mental health problems in young adulthood were associated with potentially modifiable factors and behaviors that increase risk for cancer. Efforts to prevent cancer and promote health must attend to mental health disparities to meet the needs of young adults.
慢性心理健康问题常在青年期出现，此时成年人开始养成终生健康行为并利用预防性保健服务。心理健康问题与青年期可改变的癌症风险因素之间的关联尚未得到很好的理解。
2016 年，作者分析了 2014 年行为风险因素监测系统数据，该数据涉及 90821 名 18-39 岁有心理健康问题（抑郁障碍或频繁精神困扰）的年轻成年人与其他年轻成年人的人口统计学特征、卫生服务获取和利用、健康状况以及癌症风险因素（吸烟、饮酒、超重或肥胖、身体活动和睡眠）。
心理健康问题与白种人；未完成高中学业；低收入；失业或无法工作；无保险（仅限男性）；健康状况差；先前被诊断患有哮喘、皮肤癌或糖尿病；以及没有最近的体检有关。在控制人口统计学特征、卫生服务利用和健康状况后，年轻成年人的心理健康问题与吸烟、狂饮、睡眠不足、没有闲暇时间进行身体活动以及超重或肥胖（仅限女性）有关。在控制人口统计学特征、卫生服务利用和健康状况后，宫颈癌筛查与心理健康问题无关。
青年期的心理健康问题与潜在的可改变因素和行为有关，这些因素和行为增加了癌症的风险。预防癌症和促进健康的努力必须关注心理健康方面的差异，以满足年轻成年人的需求。
