Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2017 Nov;44:18-22. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.08.007. Epub 2017 Aug 14.
We investigated the prevalence and impact of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and leg motor restlessness (LMR) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in a multicenter study.
A total of 436 PD patients and 401 age- and sex-matched controls were included in this study. RLS was diagnosed based on four essential features. LMR was diagnosed when a participant exhibited the urge to move his or her legs but did not meet the four essential features of RLS.
The RLS prevalence did not differ between PD patients and controls (3.4% vs. 2.7%), while LMR prevalence was significantly higher in PD patients than in controls (12.8% vs. 4.5%). PD patients with RLS or LMR had a higher prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (50.7%, vs. 6.9%), probable REM sleep behavior disorder (38.0% vs. 3.4%) and PD-related sleep problems (49.3% vs. 20.7%) than controls with RLS or LMR. RLS/LMR preceding PD onset was related to an older age of PD onset.
Our study revealed an increased prevalence of LMR but not RLS in PD patients. LMR could be an early manifestation of PD; however, whether LMR is within the range of RLS or whether LMR and RLS constitute different entities in PD requires further studies.
我们在一项多中心研究中调查了帕金森病（PD）患者中不安腿综合征（RLS）和腿部运动不安（LMR）的患病率及其影响。
本研究共纳入 436 例 PD 患者和 401 名年龄和性别匹配的对照者。RLS 根据四个基本特征进行诊断。如果参与者有移动腿部的冲动但不符合 RLS 的四个基本特征，则诊断为 LMR。
PD 患者与对照组之间 RLS 的患病率无差异（3.4% vs. 2.7%），但 PD 患者中 LMR 的患病率明显高于对照组（12.8% vs. 4.5%）。有 RLS 或 LMR 的 PD 患者白天过度嗜睡（EDS）（50.7% vs. 6.9%）、可能 REM 睡眠行为障碍（38.0% vs. 3.4%）和与 PD 相关的睡眠问题（49.3% vs. 20.7%）的患病率均高于有 RLS 或 LMR 的对照组。RLS/LMR 先于 PD 发作与 PD 发病年龄较大有关。
我们的研究显示 PD 患者中 LMR 的患病率增加，但 RLS 的患病率没有增加。LMR 可能是 PD 的早期表现；然而，LMR 是否属于 RLS 的范围，或者 LMR 和 RLS 是否构成 PD 中的不同实体，还需要进一步研究。
