Bozorg-Ghalati F, Hedayati M
Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran.
Curr Mol Med. 2017;17(3):181-188. doi: 10.2174/1566524017666170822102417.
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is the rarest but extremely aggressive thyroid cancer subtype. This neoplasia is composed of undifferentiated tumor cells with poor prognosis and resistant to common thyroid cancer therapy. Early stage identification of this cancer for prompt treatment is very vital. Presently, cytological evaluation of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) which is known as invasive recognition assay, is the standard diagnostic method for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumors. Frequent studies have suggested that using the molecular biomarkers of thyroid cancer tissue alongside cytological examination, increase the accuracy of diagnostic tests. Also, these agents could be beneficial for effective target therapy and personalize medicine. In this review, the molecular biomarkers that are involved in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in four category (gene mutation profile, epigenetic profile, microRNA profile and cancer stem cell markers) were summarized.
间变性甲状腺癌是最罕见但极具侵袭性的甲状腺癌亚型。这种肿瘤由预后不良且对常见甲状腺癌治疗有抗性的未分化肿瘤细胞组成。早期识别这种癌症以便及时治疗至关重要。目前，细针穿刺活检（FNAB）的细胞学评估，即所谓的侵入性识别检测，是诊断甲状腺恶性肿瘤的标准诊断方法。频繁的研究表明，将甲状腺癌组织的分子生物标志物与细胞学检查相结合，可提高诊断测试的准确性。此外，这些物质可能有利于有效的靶向治疗和个性化医疗。在本综述中，总结了涉及间变性甲状腺癌的四类分子生物标志物（基因突变谱、表观遗传谱、微小RNA谱和癌症干细胞标志物）。
