College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jan 1;610-611:759-768. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.140. Epub 2017 Aug 19.
Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) can be coupled to the reduction of sulfate, nitrate and nitrite, which effectively reduces methane emission into the atmosphere. Recently, metal-dependent AOM (metal-AOM, AOM coupled to metal reduction) was demonstrated to occur in both environmental samples and enrichment cultures. Anaerobic methanotrophs are capable of respiration using Fe(III) or Mn(IV), whether they are in the form of soluble metal species or insoluble minerals. Given the wide distribution of Fe(III)/Mn(IV)-bearing minerals in aquatic methane-rich environments, metal-AOM is considered to be globally important, although it has generally been overlooked in previous studies. In this article, we discuss the discovery of this process, the microorganisms and mechanisms involved, environmental significance and factors influencing metal-AOM. Since metal-AOM is poorly studied to date, some discussion is included on the present understanding of sulfate- and nitrate-AOM and traditional metal reduction processes using organic substrates or hydrogen as electron donors. Metal-AOM is a relatively new research field, and therefore more studies are needed to fully characterize the process. This review summarizes current studies and discusses the many unanswered questions, which should be useful for future research in this field.
甲烷的厌氧氧化（AOM）可以与硫酸盐、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的还原偶联，这有效地减少了甲烷排放到大气中。最近，依赖金属的 AOM（金属-AOM，与金属还原偶联的 AOM）在环境样品和富集培养物中都得到了证明。厌氧甲烷营养菌能够使用 Fe(III) 或 Mn(IV) 进行呼吸，无论它们是以可溶性金属物种还是不溶性矿物的形式存在。鉴于富含甲烷的水生环境中广泛分布着含 Fe(III)/Mn(IV)的矿物，因此金属-AOM 被认为在全球范围内很重要，尽管在以前的研究中它通常被忽视了。在本文中，我们讨论了这一过程的发现、涉及的微生物和机制、环境意义以及影响金属-AOM 的因素。由于迄今为止对金属-AOM 的研究甚少，因此本文还包括了对目前对硫酸盐和硝酸盐-AOM 以及使用有机底物或氢气作为电子供体的传统金属还原过程的理解的讨论。金属-AOM 是一个相对较新的研究领域，因此需要更多的研究来充分表征该过程。本综述总结了当前的研究，并讨论了许多未解决的问题，这对于该领域的未来研究应该是有用的。
