Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Clin Nutr. 2018 Oct;37(5):1462-1473. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.08.002. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The effect of maternal omega-3 fatty acids intake on the body composition of the offspring is unclear. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to confirm the effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation on body weight, body length, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass and sum of skinfold thicknesses of offspring.
Human intervention studies were selected by a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and references of related reviews and studies. Randomized controlled trials of maternal omega-3 fatty acids intake during pregnancy or lactation for offspring's growth were included. The data were analyzed with RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0. Effect sizes were presented as weighted mean differences (WMD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Twenty-six studies comprising 10,970 participants were included. Significant increases were found in birth weight (WMD = 42.55 g, 95% CI: 21.25, 63.85) and waist circumference (WMD = 0.35 cm, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.67) in the omega-3 fatty acids group. There were no effects on birth length (WMD = 0.09 cm, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.21), postnatal length (WMD = 0.13 cm, 95% CI: -0.11, 0.36), postnatal weight (WMD = 0.04 kg, 95% CI: -0.07, 0.14), BMI (WMD = 0.09, 95% CI: -0.05, 0.23), the sum of skinfold thicknesses (WMD = 0.45 mm, 95% CI: -0.30, 1.20), fat mass (WMD = 0.05 kg, 95% CI: -0.01, 0.11) and the percentage of body fat (WMD = 0.04%, 95% CI: -0.38, 0.46).
This meta-analysis showed that maternal omega-3 fatty acids supplementation can increase offspring's birth weight and postnatal waist circumference. However, it did not appear to influence children's birth length, postnatal weight/length, BMI, sum of skinfold thicknesses, fat mass and the percentage of body fat during postnatal period. Larger, well-designed studies are recommended to confirm this conclusion.
母体 ω-3 脂肪酸摄入对后代身体成分的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以确认孕期和/或哺乳期补充 ω-3 脂肪酸对后代体重、身长、体重指数（BMI）、腰围、体脂和皮褶厚度总和的影响。
通过系统检索 PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆以及相关综述和研究的参考文献，选择人类干预研究。纳入了母体孕期或哺乳期摄入 ω-3 脂肪酸对后代生长的随机对照试验。使用 RevMan 5.3 和 Stata 12.0 分析数据。效应大小表示为加权均数差（WMD）或标准化均数差（SMD）及其 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
纳入了 26 项研究，共 10970 名参与者。ω-3 脂肪酸组的出生体重（WMD=42.55g，95%CI：21.25，63.85）和腰围（WMD=0.35cm，95%CI：0.04，0.67）显著增加。出生时身长（WMD=0.09cm，95%CI：-0.03，0.21）、产后身长（WMD=0.13cm，95%CI：-0.11，0.36）、产后体重（WMD=0.04kg，95%CI：-0.07，0.14）、BMI（WMD=0.09，95%CI：-0.05，0.23）、皮褶厚度总和（WMD=0.45mm，95%CI：-0.30，1.20）、体脂（WMD=0.05kg，95%CI：-0.01，0.11）和体脂百分比（WMD=0.04%，95%CI：-0.38，0.46）无影响。
本荟萃分析表明，母体 ω-3 脂肪酸补充可增加后代的出生体重和产后腰围。然而，它似乎并没有影响儿童在产后期间的出生身长、产后体重/身长、BMI、皮褶厚度总和、体脂和体脂百分比。建议进行更大规模、设计良好的研究来证实这一结论。
