Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 22;7(1):9111. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08943-6.
Evidences from clinical trials and meta-analyses of calcium supplementation in linear growth have given conflicting results, and few longitudinal studies have investigated the long-term associations between dietary calcium and linear growth, especially in the population with low-calcium plant-based diets. We investigated the prospective associations of low habitual dietary calcium with adult height and height-for-age z-score (HAZ) from adolescence to adulthood among 2019 adolescents from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). The average dietary calcium intakes were 426(standard deviation: 158) mg/d in boys and 355(134) mg/d in girls during adolescence. During a median follow-up of 7.0 (interquartile range: 5.9-9.0) years, boys reached an average of 169.0(6.7) cm and girls reached 158.4(5.8) cm in adulthood. After adjusting for other potential confounders, non-linear regression found that boys with dietary calcium intakes below 327 mg/d had shorter adult stature, and those taking over 566 mg/d had faster height growth whether adjusting for physical exercises level or not. No significant associations were found in girls. Our study suggests that in boys with plant-based diets, higher dietary calcium intake during adolescence is associated with faster height growth, but not with adult height; calcium intake below 300 mg/d may result in shorter adult stature.
来自钙补充剂对线性生长的临床试验和荟萃分析的证据得出了相互矛盾的结果，很少有纵向研究调查了饮食钙与线性生长之间的长期关联，特别是在以低钙植物性饮食为主的人群中。我们调查了中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）中 2019 名青少年从青春期到成年期间低习惯性饮食钙与成人身高和身高年龄 z 评分（HAZ）的前瞻性关联。在青春期，男孩的平均膳食钙摄入量为 426（标准差：158）mg/d，女孩为 355（134）mg/d。在中位数为 7.0（四分位距：5.9-9.0）年的随访期间，男孩平均达到 169.0（6.7）cm，女孩达到 158.4（5.8）cm。在调整其他潜在混杂因素后，非线性回归发现，无论是否调整体育锻炼水平，钙摄入量低于 327mg/d 的男孩成年身高较矮，而钙摄入量超过 566mg/d 的男孩身高增长较快。在女孩中未发现显著关联。我们的研究表明，对于以植物性饮食为主的男孩，青春期较高的膳食钙摄入量与较快的身高增长有关，但与成人身高无关；钙摄入量低于 300mg/d 可能导致成年身高较矮。
