Helvacı Gizem, Uçar Aslı, Çelebi Mehmet Mesut, Çetinkaya Haydar, Gündüz Ayşe Zülal
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara 06290, Turkey.
Department of Sport Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara 06000, Turkey.
Nutr Res Pract. 2023 Aug;17(4):762-779. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.4.762. Epub 2023 May 11.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Mediterranean diet is an environmentally friendly and healthy diet model. The diet offers many vegetables, fruits, nuts, and olive oil to consumers. In addition, it provides moderate amounts of fish and chicken, smaller quantities of dairy products, red meat, and processed meat. The Mediterranean diet has a high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant content, and it causes many physiological changes that can provide a physical performance advantage. This study examined the effects of a 15-day menu, which was planned using foods with a low acid load within the Mediterranean diet rules, on the exercise performance, lactate elimination, anthropometric measurements, and body composition.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Fifteen professional male athletes between the ages of 13 and 18, who were engaged in ski running, were included in the experimental study. Dietary intervention was applied for 15 days. The athlete performances were evaluated by applying the vertical jump test, hand grip strength, 20 meters shuttle run test, and Borg fatigue scale. After the shuttle run test (every 3 min for 30 min), blood was drawn from the finger, and the lactate elimination time was calculated. Performance and lactate measurements, body analysis, and anthropometric measurements were taken before and after dietary intervention.
The vertical jump height and hand grip strength increased after the intervention ( < 0.05). The test duration, total distance, the number of shuttles, and maximum oxygen consumption parameters of the shuttle run test increased ( < 0.05). After the intervention, the athletes' perceived fatigue scores decreased in several stages of the shuttle run test ( < 0.05). The lactate elimination time and athlete's body composition were similar in repeated measurements ( > 0.05). In the last measurements, the upper middle arm circumference decreased while the height of the athletes increased ( < 0.05).
These results show that the Mediterranean diet is a safe and feasible dietary approach for aerobic performance and strength increase.
背景/目的：地中海饮食是一种环保且健康的饮食模式。这种饮食为消费者提供了大量的蔬菜、水果、坚果和橄榄油。此外，它还提供适量的鱼类和鸡肉，较少的乳制品、红肉和加工肉类。地中海饮食具有高抗炎和抗氧化成分，并会引发许多能带来身体机能优势的生理变化。本研究考察了按照地中海饮食规则使用低酸负荷食物制定的15天菜单，对运动表现、乳酸清除、人体测量指标和身体成分的影响。
受试者/方法：15名年龄在13至18岁之间、从事滑雪跑步的职业男性运动员被纳入实验研究。进行了15天的饮食干预。通过垂直跳测试、握力测试、20米往返跑测试和博格疲劳量表对运动员的表现进行评估。在往返跑测试后（每3分钟进行一次，共30分钟），从手指采血，计算乳酸清除时间。在饮食干预前后进行了表现和乳酸测量、身体分析以及人体测量。
干预后垂直跳高度和握力增加（<0.05）。往返跑测试的测试时长、总距离、往返次数和最大耗氧量参数增加（<0.05）。干预后，运动员在往返跑测试的几个阶段的主观疲劳评分下降（<0.05）。重复测量时乳酸清除时间和运动员身体成分相似（>0.05）。在最后一次测量中，上臂中部周长减小，而运动员身高增加（<0.05）。
这些结果表明，地中海饮食是一种安全可行的饮食方法，有助于提高有氧运动表现和增强力量。
