Facility of Bio-Proteomics, Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano (PN), Italy.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2017 Sep;1404(1):27-48. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13454. Epub 2017 Aug 22.
Coagulation is a highly conserved process occurring after an injury to a blood vessel and resulting in hemostasis. In the thrombus microenvironment, finely orchestrated events restore vessel integrity through platelet activation, adhesion, and aggregation (primary hemostasis), followed by the coagulation cascades, thrombin generation, and fibrin clot deposition (secondary hemostasis). Several studies on cancer have provided insight into dramatic changes to coagulation-related events (i.e., fibrin clot deposition, fibrinolysis) during tumor pathogenesis, progression, and metastasis, in addition to a tumor-driven systemic activation of hemostasis and thrombosis (Trousseau's syndrome). Diverse molecular and cellular effectors participate in the cross talk between hemostasis and tumors. Here, we focus on some aspects of the interconnection between cancer biology and hemostatic components, with particular attention to some key coagulation-related proteins (e.g., tissue factor, thrombin, fibrinogen, and D-dimers) in the particular case of gastric cancer (GC). Recent advances in deciphering the complex molecular link between GC and the coagulation system are described, showing their important roles in better management of patients affected by GC.
凝血是一种高度保守的过程，发生在血管损伤后，导致止血。在血栓微环境中，通过血小板激活、黏附和聚集（初级止血），随后是凝血级联反应、凝血酶生成和纤维蛋白凝块沉积（次级止血），精细协调的事件恢复血管完整性。几项关于癌症的研究提供了在肿瘤发病机制、进展和转移过程中与凝血相关事件（即纤维蛋白凝块沉积、纤维蛋白溶解）的显著变化的深入了解，以及肿瘤驱动的止血和血栓形成的全身性激活（特鲁索综合征）。多种分子和细胞效应物参与止血和肿瘤之间的串扰。在这里，我们重点关注癌症生物学和止血成分之间的一些联系方面，特别关注胃癌（GC）中一些关键的与凝血相关的蛋白质（例如组织因子、凝血酶、纤维蛋白原和 D-二聚体）。描述了最近在破译 GC 和凝血系统之间复杂的分子联系方面的进展，表明它们在更好地管理受 GC 影响的患者方面发挥着重要作用。
