Ferreira F M, Delmonte C C, Novato T L P, Monteiro C M O, Daemon E, Vilela F M P, Amaral M P H
Departamento Farmacêutico, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comportamento e Biologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
Med Vet Entomol. 2018 Mar;32(1):41-47. doi: 10.1111/mve.12259. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
The cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888) (Ixodida: Ixodidae), is the most important ectoparasite in cattle-breeding areas and is responsible for severe economic losses. Synthetic acaricides have been used to control this parasite. However, the need for safer products has stimulated the search for new acaricides, such as those to be obtained from medicinal plants. The essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) has many biological properties and shows great potential for use in veterinary applications. In the context of the need for new agents, this study investigated the in vitro properties of the hydrolate, essential oil and the main constituent of S. aromaticum, eugenol, in formulated and free applications against larvae and females of R. microplus. Eugenol and the essential oil caused 100% mortality in larvae at starting applications of 2.5 mg/mL and 5.0 mg/mL, respectively. The hydrolate showed no activity. Both eugenol and essential oil had good efficacy in adult immersion tests at 50 mg/mL and achieved 100% efficacy at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. The results of these tests reaffirm the important potential of clove essential oil and eugenol.
微小牛蜱（Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888)，蜱螨目：硬蜱科）是养牛地区最重要的体外寄生虫，会造成严重的经济损失。合成杀螨剂已被用于控制这种寄生虫。然而，对更安全产品的需求促使人们寻找新的杀螨剂，比如从药用植物中获取的杀螨剂。丁香（Syzygium aromaticum）精油具有多种生物学特性，在兽医应用中显示出巨大潜力。鉴于对新型药剂的需求，本研究调查了丁香水解液、精油及其主要成分丁香酚在配方制剂和直接应用时对微小牛蜱幼虫和雌蜱的体外作用特性。丁香酚和精油在起始应用浓度分别为2.5毫克/毫升和5.0毫克/毫升时，可使幼虫死亡率达到100%。水解液无活性。丁香酚和精油在成虫浸液试验中，浓度为50毫克/毫升时效果良好，在100毫克/毫升浓度下达到100%的杀虫效果。这些试验结果再次证实了丁香精油和丁香酚的重要潜力。
