Ó Donnchadha Seán
School of Psychology, College of Social Sciences and Law, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Department of Clinical Psychology, Health Service Executive, Dublin North East, Ireland.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2018 Mar;31(2):181-192. doi: 10.1111/jar.12398. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
The efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for stress and psychological distress in professional caregivers supporting individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDDs) is reviewed.
Eight studies met inclusion criteria and were systematically reviewed, including RCTs and single-group designs.
As per Reichow, Volkmar, and Cicchetti (Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 2008), three studies were classified as "adequate quality" and five were classified as "weak." There were inconsistent findings in relation to stress, with significant reductions or increases reported by caregivers following MBIs. MBIs consistently improved caregivers' ratings of distress. Process outcomes suggested increased mindful awareness, increased cognitive defusion and reduced thought suppression. Treatment effects were maintained or continued to grow at follow-up.
Caregivers of individuals with IDDs face multiple challenges on a daily basis. This review supports, at least, short-term benefits for MBIs in the management of stress and distress in caregivers of individuals with IDDs.
对基于正念的干预措施（MBIs）在支持智力或发育障碍（IDD）患者的专业护理人员中缓解压力和心理困扰方面的疗效进行综述。
八项研究符合纳入标准并进行了系统综述，包括随机对照试验（RCTs）和单组设计。
根据赖乔、沃尔克马尔和西凯提（《自闭症与发育障碍杂志》，2008年第38卷）的标准，三项研究被归类为“质量良好”，五项被归类为“质量较弱”。关于压力方面的研究结果并不一致，护理人员在接受MBIs干预后，压力有显著降低或增加的情况。MBIs持续改善了护理人员的困扰评分。过程结果表明正念意识增强、认知解离增加以及思维抑制减少。随访时治疗效果得以维持或持续增强。
IDD患者的护理人员每天面临多重挑战。本综述至少支持MBIs在管理IDD患者护理人员的压力和困扰方面具有短期益处。
