Davidsson Maria, Hult Nicklas, Gillberg Carina, Särneö Charlotte, Gillberg Christopher, Billstedt Eva
a Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre , Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg, Sweden.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2017 Nov;71(8):614-620. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2017.1367840. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at high risk of anxiety and depression. This is important to identify in the clinical assessment to understand its impact.
The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between parent- and self-reports of anxiety and depression in adolescents with ADHD or ASD, as well as the correlation with adaptive functioning and performance on an attention test.
A total of 65 adolescents with an ADHD diagnosis (n = 24) or an ASD diagnosis (n = 41) filled out Beck Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social Impairment (BYI) to assess depression and anxiety and completed a Continuous Performance Test (QbTest) measuring ADHD symptoms. Parents of the participants completed the internalizing domain in the Five to Fifteen questionnaire (FTF), measuring symptoms of anxiety and depression, and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) about the adolescent's adaptive functioning.
Approximately a third of the study group self-reported substantial internalizing mental symptoms not always recognized by parents, and not always obvious in adaptive function or performance at ADHD test. Correlations between BYI and FTF were low. The BYI depression inventory correlated negatively with VABS and positively with activity level in a subgroup medicated for ADHD. There was a stronger correlation between girls BYI and FTF results as compared with boys.
The results highlight the need for identification of anxiety and depression, using both self- and parent report. Present anxiety and depression symptoms do not seem to affect the clinical assessment of ASD and ADHD.
患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）或自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的青少年患焦虑症和抑郁症的风险很高。在临床评估中识别这一点对于了解其影响很重要。
本研究的目的是调查患有ADHD或ASD的青少年中父母报告与自我报告的焦虑和抑郁之间的相关性，以及与适应性功能和注意力测试表现之间的相关性。
共有65名被诊断为ADHD（n = 24）或ASD（n = 41）的青少年填写了贝克青少年情绪和社会功能障碍量表（BYI）以评估抑郁和焦虑，并完成了一项测量ADHD症状的持续性操作测试（QbTest）。参与者的父母完成了5至15岁问卷（FTF）中的内化领域，测量焦虑和抑郁症状，以及关于青少年适应性功能的文兰适应性行为量表（VABS）。
研究组中约三分之一的青少年自我报告有严重的内化心理症状，这些症状父母并不总是能识别，在适应性功能或ADHD测试表现中也不总是明显。BYI和FTF之间的相关性较低。在接受ADHD药物治疗的亚组中，BYI抑郁量表与VABS呈负相关，与活动水平呈正相关。与男孩相比，女孩的BYI和FTF结果之间的相关性更强。
结果强调了使用自我报告和父母报告来识别焦虑和抑郁的必要性。目前的焦虑和抑郁症状似乎不影响ASD和ADHD的临床评估。
