Melville Geoffrey W, Siegler Jason C, Marshall Paul W M
School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
PLoS One. 2017 Aug 25;12(8):e0182630. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182630. eCollection 2017.
Research on d-aspartic acid (DAA) has demonstrated increases in total testosterone levels in untrained men, however research in resistance-trained men demonstrated no changes, and reductions in testosterone levels. The long-term consequences of DAA in a resistance trained population are currently unknown.
To evaluate the effectiveness of DAA to alter basal testosterone levels over 3 months of resistance training in resistance-trained men.
Randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial in healthy resistance-trained men, aged 18-36, had been performing regular resistance training exercise for at least 3 d.w-1 for the previous 2 years. Randomised participants were 22 men (d-aspartic acid n = 11; placebo n = 11) (age, 23.8±4.9 y, training age, 3.2±1.5 y).
D-aspartic acid (6 g.d-1, DAA) versus equal-weight, visually-matched placebo (PLA). All participants performed 12 weeks of supervised, periodised resistance training (4 d.w-1), with a program focusing on all muscle groups.
Basal hormones, total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), estradiol (E2), sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and albumin (ALB); isometric strength; calf muscle cross-sectional area (CSA); calf muscle thickness; quadriceps muscle CSA; quadriceps muscle thickness; evoked V-wave and H-reflexes, were assessed at weeks zero (T1), after six weeks (T2) and after 12 weeks (T3).
No change in basal TT or FT were observed after the intervention. DAA supplementation (n = 10) led to a 16%, 95% CI [-27%, -5%] reduction in E2 from T1-T3 (p<0.01). The placebo group (n = 9) demonstrated improvements in spinal responsiveness (gastrocnemius) at the level of the alpha motoneuron. Both groups exhibited increases in isometric strength of the plantar flexors by 17%, 95% CI [7%, 28%] (p<0.05) as well as similar increases in hypertrophy in the quadriceps and calf muscles.
The results of this paper indicate that DAA supplementation is ineffective at changing testosterone levels, or positively affecting training outcomes. Reductions in estradiol and the blunting of peripheral excitability appear unrelated to improvements from resistance training.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000041358.
对d - 天冬氨酸(DAA)的研究表明,未经训练的男性总睾酮水平会升高,然而,对进行抗阻训练的男性的研究显示,睾酮水平没有变化,甚至有所降低。目前,DAA对进行抗阻训练人群的长期影响尚不清楚。
评估DAA在抗阻训练男性进行3个月抗阻训练期间改变基础睾酮水平的有效性。
对年龄在18 - 36岁、过去两年中至少每周进行3天规律抗阻训练运动的健康抗阻训练男性进行随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验。随机分组的参与者有22名男性(d - 天冬氨酸组n = 11;安慰剂组n = 11)(年龄23.8±4.9岁,训练年限3.2±1.5年)。
d - 天冬氨酸(6克/天,DAA)与等重量、外观匹配的安慰剂(PLA)。所有参与者进行12周的有监督的、分阶段的抗阻训练(每周4天),训练计划针对所有肌肉群。
基础激素,包括总睾酮(TT)、游离睾酮(FT)、雌二醇(E2)、性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)和白蛋白(ALB);等长肌力;小腿肌肉横截面积(CSA);小腿肌肉厚度;股四头肌CSA;股四头肌厚度;诱发V波和H反射,在第0周(T1)、第6周(T2)和第12周(T3)进行评估。
干预后基础TT或FT未观察到变化。补充DAA组(n = 10)从T1到T3,E2降低了16%,95%置信区间为[-27%,-5%](p<0.01)。安慰剂组(n = 9)在α运动神经元水平上,腓肠肌的脊髓反应性有所改善。两组的跖屈肌等长肌力均增加了17%,95%置信区间为[7%,28%](p<0.05),股四头肌和小腿肌肉的肥大程度也有类似增加。
本文结果表明,补充DAA在改变睾酮水平或对训练效果产生积极影响方面无效。雌二醇的降低和外周兴奋性的减弱似乎与抗阻训练的改善无关。
澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心ACTRN12617000041358。