Ovalle-Magallanes Berenice, Eugenio-Pérez Dianelena, Pedraza-Chaverri José
Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2017 Nov;109(Pt 1):102-122. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.021. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae) is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia known as mangosteen which fruits possess a distinctive and pleasant taste that has granted them the epithet of "queen of the fruits". The seeds and pericarps of the fruit have a long history of use in the traditional medicinal practices of the region, and beverages containing mangosteen pulp and pericarps are sold worldwide as nutritional supplements. The main phytochemicals present in the species are isoprenylated xanthones, a class of secondary metabolites with multiple reports of biological effects, such as antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hypoglycemic and anti-obesity. The diversity of actions displayed by mangosteen xanthones shows that these compounds target multiple signaling pathways involved in different pathologies, and place them as valuable sources for developing new drugs to treat chronic and degenerative diseases. This review article presents a comprehensive update of the toxicological findings on animal models, and the preclinical anticancer, analgesic, neuroprotective, antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of G. mangostana L. extracts and its main isolates. Pharmacokinetics, drug delivery systems and reports on dose-finding human trials are also examined.
山竹（藤黄科）是一种原产于东南亚的热带树木，其果实被称为山竹果，味道独特宜人，被誉为“水果皇后”。该水果的种子和果皮在该地区的传统医学实践中有悠久的使用历史，含有山竹果肉和果皮的饮料作为营养补充剂在全球销售。该物种中存在的主要植物化学物质是异戊烯基氧杂蒽酮，这是一类次生代谢产物，有多项关于其生物学效应的报道，如抗氧化、促凋亡、抗增殖、抗伤害感受、抗炎、神经保护、降血糖和抗肥胖。山竹氧杂蒽酮所显示的作用多样性表明，这些化合物靶向参与不同病理过程的多种信号通路，使其成为开发治疗慢性和退行性疾病新药的宝贵来源。这篇综述文章全面更新了关于动物模型的毒理学研究结果，以及山竹提取物及其主要分离物的临床前抗癌、镇痛、神经保护、抗糖尿病和降血脂作用。还研究了药代动力学、药物递送系统以及剂量探索性人体试验的报告。
