Department of Biological Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, Bad Zwischenahn, Germany.
Eur Addict Res. 2017;23(4):182-193. doi: 10.1159/000479554. Epub 2017 Aug 25.
Consumption of natural cannabis (NC) and synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) has been associated with psychotic disorders. We compared the prevalence of use, consumer profiles, and psychosis-inducing potential of NC and SCs in a specific high-risk population.
This prospective pilot study included 332 patients (18-64 years, mean 36.83, SD 13.33). Patients' sociodemographics and medical histories as well as illicit substance use and psychiatric symptom histories were collected using a drug consumption survey that assessed the use of new psychoactive substances and the Psychotic Symptoms Interview.
In total, 7.2% of all patients, 10.6% of psychotic patients, and 4.5% of nonpsychotic patients reported SC consumption. Compared with SCs, NC was consumed much more frequently by its users (mean 222.73, SD 498.27). NC and SC use induced persistent psychosis. Psychotic symptoms were first experienced by patients with a history of NC or SC use during intoxication and persisted after cessation (>1 year) of drug use. Positive and negative symptoms tended to be more severe in SC and NC users, respectively.
NC and SCs may cause different symptom clusters. These relationships should be further evaluated.
吸食天然大麻（NC）和合成大麻素（SCs）与精神病障碍有关。我们比较了在特定高危人群中 NC 和 SC 的使用流行率、消费者特征和致精神病潜力。
这是一项前瞻性试点研究，共纳入 332 名患者（18-64 岁，平均 36.83，SD 13.33）。使用药物使用调查收集了患者的社会人口统计学和病史，以及非法药物使用和精神症状史，该调查评估了新精神活性物质的使用情况和精神病症状访谈。
在所有患者中，7.2%、精神病患者中 10.6%和非精神病患者中 4.5%报告了 SC 消费。与 SC 相比，NC 的使用者更为频繁地使用它（平均 222.73，SD 498.27）。NC 和 SC 使用引起持续性精神病。在使用药物期间和停药后（>1 年），有 NC 或 SC 使用史的患者首次出现精神病症状并持续存在。SC 和 NC 使用者的阳性和阴性症状分别倾向于更严重。
NC 和 SC 可能引起不同的症状群。这些关系应进一步评估。
