Rechichi Caterina, De Mojà Gilda, Aragona Pasquale
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2017 Nov 1;54(6):346-355. doi: 10.3928/01913913-20170510-01. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
To examine a possible relationship between exposure to video games/electronic screens and visual issues in children between 3 and 10 years of age.
An observational, cross-sectional study of a population of children using video games was employed. All patients between 3 and 10 years of age were recruited at an outpatient unit accredited by the Italian Regional Health Service. Three hundred twenty children (159 boys and 161 girls; mean age = 6.9 ± 2 years) were observed. Ophthalmological examination included assessment of stereoscopic vision on Lang-Stereotests I and II (LANG-STEREOTEST AG, Küsnacht, Switzerland) and identification of the dominant eye using the Dolman method. Furthermore, a questionnaire was used to record asthenopic symptoms and daily exposure to video games and electronic screens. Two groups of children were examined according to the average amount of time spent playing video games daily: children who played video games for less than 30 minutes per day and not every day (control group) and children who played video games for 30 minutes or more every day (video game group). Both groups were then divided into two subgroups: children using other types of electronic screens (eg, televisions, computers, tablets, and smartphones) for less than 3 hours daily (low electronic use subgroup) and children using other types of electronic screens for 3 hours or more per day (high electronic use subgroup).
Asthenopia (especially headache, eyelid tic, transient diplopia, and dizziness), absence of fine stereopsis, and refractive errors were statistically more frequent (mainly in the dominant eye) in children in the video game group.
These symptoms were frequent and peculiar in the video game group and might be part of a video game vision syndrome that has not been defined yet. It is important to recognize these signs as possible functional disorders to avoid erroneous diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2017;54(6):346-355.].
研究3至10岁儿童接触电子游戏/电子屏幕与视力问题之间可能存在的关系。
采用对使用电子游戏的儿童群体进行观察性横断面研究。所有3至10岁的患者均在意大利地区卫生服务认可的门诊单位招募。观察了320名儿童（159名男孩和161名女孩；平均年龄=6.9±2岁）。眼科检查包括使用Lang-Stereotests I和II（LANG-STEREOTEST AG，瑞士库斯纳赫特）评估立体视觉，以及使用多尔曼法确定优势眼。此外，还使用一份问卷记录视疲劳症状以及每日接触电子游戏和电子屏幕的情况。根据每日玩电子游戏的平均时长对两组儿童进行检查：每天玩电子游戏少于30分钟且并非每天都玩的儿童（对照组）和每天玩电子游戏30分钟或更长时间的儿童（电子游戏组）。然后将两组再分为两个亚组：每天使用其他类型电子屏幕（如电视、电脑、平板电脑和智能手机）少于3小时的儿童（低电子设备使用亚组）和每天使用其他类型电子屏幕3小时或更长时间的儿童（高电子设备使用亚组）。
电子游戏组儿童的视疲劳（尤其是头痛、眼睑抽搐、短暂复视和头晕）、缺乏精细立体视觉以及屈光不正（主要在优势眼）在统计学上更为常见。
这些症状在电子游戏组中很常见且具有特殊性，可能是尚未明确的电子游戏视觉综合征的一部分。将这些体征识别为可能的功能障碍很重要，以避免错误的诊断和治疗干预。[《小儿眼科与斜视杂志》。2017；54(6):346 - 355。]
