Han Rui, Zhang Xin, Liu Jing, Long Qifu, Chen Laisheng, Liu Deli, Zhu Derui
a Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, People's Republic of China.
b Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, People's Republic of China.
Can J Microbiol. 2017 Nov;63(11):895-908. doi: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0773. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
Keke Salt Lake is located in the Qaidamu Basin of China. It is a unique magnesium sulfate-subtype hypersaline lake that exhibits a halite domain ecosystem, yet its microbial diversity has remained unstudied. Here, the microbial community structure and diversity was investigated via high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA genes. A high diversity of operational taxonomic units was detected for Bacteria and Archaea (734 and 747, respectively), comprising 21 phyla, 43 classes, and 201 genera of Bacteria and 4 phyla, 4 classes, and 39 genera of Archaea. Salt-saturated samples were dominated by the bacterial genera Bacillus (51.52%-58.35% relative abundance), Lactococcus (9.52%-10.51%), and Oceanobacillus (8.82%-9.88%) within the Firmicutes phylum (74.81%-80.99%), contrasting with other hypersaline lakes. The dominant Archaea belonged to the Halobacteriaceae family, and in particular, the genera (with an abundance of >10% of communities) Halonotius, Halorubellus, Halapricum, Halorubrum, and Natronomonas. Additionally, we report the presence of Nanohaloarchaeota and Woesearchaeota in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau lakes, which has not been previously documented. Total salinity (especially Mg, Cl, Na, and K) mostly correlated with taxonomic distribution across samples. These results expand our understanding of microbial resource utilization within hypersaline lakes and the potential adaptations of dominant microorganisms that allow them to inhabit such environments.
可可盐湖位于中国柴达木盆地。它是一个独特的硫酸镁亚型盐湖，呈现出石盐域生态系统，但其微生物多样性尚未得到研究。在此，通过对16S rRNA基因V3 - V5区域的高通量测序，研究了微生物群落结构和多样性。检测到细菌和古菌的操作分类单元具有高度多样性（分别为734和747个），包括细菌的21个门、43个纲和201个属，以及古菌的4个门、4个纲和39个属。盐饱和样品中，厚壁菌门（74.81% - 80.99%）内的芽孢杆菌属（相对丰度为51.52% - 58.35%）、乳球菌属（9.52% - 10.51%）和嗜盐芽孢杆菌属（8.82% - 9.88%）占主导，这与其他盐湖不同。优势古菌属于盐杆菌科，特别是盐栖菌属、红嗜盐菌属、嗜盐栖热菌属、嗜盐红菌属和嗜盐碱单胞菌属（群落丰度>10%）。此外，我们报道了青藏高原湖泊中纳米盐古菌和沃氏古菌的存在，这在以前没有记录。总盐度（尤其是镁、氯、钠和钾）大多与样品间的分类分布相关。这些结果扩展了我们对盐湖中微生物资源利用以及优势微生物适应此类环境的潜在机制的理解。
