Beck Amy L, Heyman Melvin, Chao Cewin, Wojcicki Janet
University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St. Suite 245, Box 0503, San Francisco, CA, 94118, United States.
University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street 5th Floor, Mail Stop 0136, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2017 Jul 23;8:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.07.005. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Consumption of non- or low-fat dairy products is recommended as a strategy to lower the risk of childhood obesity. However, recent evidence suggests that consumption of whole fat dairy products may, in fact, be protective against obesity. Our objective was to determine the association between milk fat consumption and severe obesity among three-year-old Latino children, a population with a disproportionate burden of obesity and severe obesity. 24-hour-dietary recalls were conducted to determine child intake in San Francisco based cohort recruited in 2006-7. Mother-child dyads were weighed and measured. The 24-hour recall data was analyzed to determine participants' consumption of whole milk, 2% milk, and 1% milk. The milk consumption data was used to calculate grams of milk fat consumed. The cross-sectional association between milk fat intake and severe obesity (BMI ≥ 99th percentile) was determined using multivariable logistic regression. Data were available for 145 children, of whom 17% were severely obese. Severely obese children had a lower mean intake of milk fat (5.3 g vs. 8.9 g) and fewer drank any milk (79% versus 95% for not severely obese children (p < 0.01)). Among the potential confounders assessed, maternal BMI and maternal marital status were associated with severe obesity and were included in a multivariate model. In the multivariate model, higher milk fat consumption was associated with lower odds of severe obesity (OR 0.88 CI 0.80-0.97). Higher milk fat consumption is associated with lower odds of severe obesity among Latino preschoolers. These results call into question recommendations that promote consumption of lower fat milk.
建议食用非脂肪或低脂乳制品，以此作为降低儿童肥胖风险的一种策略。然而，最近的证据表明，食用全脂乳制品实际上可能有助于预防肥胖。我们的目标是确定2006年至2007年在旧金山招募的拉丁裔三岁儿童中，乳脂肪摄入量与严重肥胖之间的关联，该人群的肥胖和严重肥胖负担不成比例。通过24小时饮食回顾来确定儿童的摄入量。对母婴进行称重和测量。分析24小时回顾数据，以确定参与者对全脂牛奶、2%脂肪牛奶和1%脂肪牛奶的消费量。利用牛奶消费数据计算乳脂肪摄入量。使用多变量逻辑回归确定乳脂肪摄入量与严重肥胖（BMI≥第99百分位）之间的横断面关联。共有145名儿童的数据可用，其中17%严重肥胖。严重肥胖儿童的乳脂肪平均摄入量较低（5.3克对8.9克），喝任何牛奶的人数也较少（非严重肥胖儿童为95%，严重肥胖儿童为79%，p<0.01）。在评估的潜在混杂因素中，母亲的BMI和婚姻状况与严重肥胖有关，并被纳入多变量模型。在多变量模型中，较高的乳脂肪摄入量与较低的严重肥胖几率相关（OR 0.88，CI 0.80-0.97）。较高的乳脂肪摄入量与拉丁裔学龄前儿童较低的严重肥胖几率相关。这些结果对提倡食用低脂牛奶的建议提出了质疑。
