National Sports Medicine Program, Excellence in Football Project, Aspetar-Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
Auckland University of Technology, Sport Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand; and.
J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Apr;34(4):1032-1039. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002202.
Hertzog, M, Rumpf, MC, and Hader, K. Resistance training status and effectiveness of low-frequency resistance training on upper-body strength and power in highly trained soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1032-1039, 2020-Soccer is classified as a contact/collision sport with many player-to-player duels. Winning these duels, shielding the ball or fending off an opponent requires upper-body strength and power. Therefore, this study aimed (a) to examine the time-related effect of an upper-body resistance training (RT) on maximal strength and power changes in highly trained soccer players and (b) to investigate if the RT status influences these changes throughout a competitive season. Twenty-eight soccer players participated in this study and were divided into an untrained group (UG) and a trained group (TG), according to their RT status. Both groups performed the same upper-body RT once a week, over 30 weeks. Maximal strength (1 repetition maximum [1RM]) and maximal power (MP) were assessed before, during, and after the competitive season. Both groups significantly improved 1RM and MP over the entire competitive season, with a moderate (TG, 13%) to very large (UG, 21%) magnitude in 1RM and with a small (TG, 8%) to moderate (UG, 13%) magnitude in MP. After the initial 10 weeks of RT, UG presented significant and slightly (1RM) to moderately (MP) greater improvements than TG. For all other time intervals, the between-groups' changes in 1RM were rated as similar. For the last 20 weeks of the RT, the change in MP was significantly lower for UG compared with TG. One upper-body RT session per week will provide sufficient stimulus to enable an almost certain improvement in strength and power throughout a competitive season for all players disregarding their initial RT status.
赫佐格、Rumpf 和 Hader 研究了高水平足球运动员的上半身力量和功率的低频抗阻训练的效果。研究发现，足球是一项接触性或碰撞性运动，球员之间有很多对抗。赢得这些对抗、护球或挡开对手需要上半身的力量和功率。因此，本研究旨在：（a）研究上半身抗阻训练对高水平足球运动员最大力量和功率变化的时间效应；（b）研究抗阻训练状态是否会影响整个赛季的这些变化。28 名足球运动员参加了这项研究，根据他们的抗阻训练状态分为未训练组（UG）和训练组（TG）。两组均每周进行一次相同的上半身抗阻训练，持续 30 周。在整个赛季的比赛前、比赛中和比赛后评估最大力量（1 次重复最大值 [1RM]）和最大力量（MP）。两个组在整个赛季都显著提高了 1RM 和 MP，1RM 的改善幅度较大（TG，13%）到非常大（UG，21%），MP 的改善幅度较小（TG，8%）到中等（UG，13%）。在最初的 10 周抗阻训练后，UG 的改善明显且稍大（1RM）到中等（MP）比 TG 大。对于所有其他时间间隔，两组之间 1RM 的变化被认为是相似的。在抗阻训练的最后 20 周，UG 的 MP 变化明显低于 TG。每周进行一次上半身抗阻训练就能为所有球员提供足够的刺激，使他们在整个赛季的力量和功率都能得到几乎肯定的提高，而与他们最初的抗阻训练状态无关。
