Department of Sports Medicine and Biology of Physical Activity, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Jul;25(7):1849-56. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e83a1e.
This study compared the effects of two different half-squat training programs on the repeated-sprint ability of soccer players during the preseason. Twenty male professional soccer players were divided into 2 groups: One group (S-group) performed 4 sets of 5 repetitions with 90% of their 1-repetition maximum (1RM), and the other group (H-group) performed 4 sets of 12 repetitions with 70% of 1RM, 3 times per week for 6 weeks, in addition to their common preseason training program. Repeated-sprint ability was assessed before and after training by 10 × 6-second cycle ergometer sprints separated by 24 seconds of passive recovery. Maximal half-squat strength increased significantly in both groups (p < 0.01), but this increase was significantly greater in the S-group compared with the H-group (17.3 ± 1.9 vs. 11.0 ± 1.9%, p < 0.05). Lean leg volume (LLV) increased only in the H-group. Total work over the 10 sprints improved in both groups after training, but this increase was significantly greater in the second half (8.9 ± 2.6%) compared with the first half of the sprint test (3.2 ± 1.7%) only in the S-group. Mean power output (MPO) expressed per liter of LLV was better maintained during the last 6 sprints posttraining only in the S-group, whereas there was no change in MPO per LLV in the H-group over the 10 sprints. These results suggest that resistance training with high loads is superior to a moderate-load program, because it increases strength without a change in muscle mass and also results in a greater improvement in repeated sprint ability. Therefore, resistance training with high loads may be preferable when the aim is to improve maximal strength and fatigue during sprinting in professional soccer players.
这项研究比较了两种不同的半蹲训练方案对足球运动员 preseason重复冲刺能力的影响。20 名男性职业足球运动员被分为两组：一组（S 组）进行 4 组，每组 5 次，重复 1 次最大重复次数（1RM）的 90%，另一组（H 组）进行 4 组，每组 12 次，重复 1RM 的 70%，每周 3 次，共 6 周，此外还进行了他们常见的 preseason训练计划。在训练前后，通过 10 次 6 秒的自行车测力计冲刺，每次冲刺之间间隔 24 秒的被动恢复，评估了重复冲刺能力。两组的最大半蹲力量均显著增加（p < 0.01），但 S 组的增加明显大于 H 组（17.3 ± 1.9%对 11.0 ± 1.9%，p < 0.05）。只有 H 组的瘦体重（LLV）增加。两组在训练后 10 次冲刺的总工作量均有所提高，但仅在 S 组，后半段（8.9 ± 2.6%）的提高明显大于前半段（3.2 ± 1.7%）。只有 S 组在训练后最后 6 次冲刺中，每升 LLV 表达的平均功率输出（MPO）得到更好的维持，而 H 组在 10 次冲刺中，每升 LLV 的 MPO 没有变化。这些结果表明，高负荷的阻力训练优于中等负荷的训练方案，因为它在不增加肌肉质量的情况下增加力量，并且还能更大程度地提高重复冲刺能力。因此，当目的是提高职业足球运动员冲刺时的最大力量和疲劳时，高负荷的阻力训练可能更可取。
