Cirillo Francesca, Lazzeroni Pietro, Sartori Chiara, Street Maria Elisabeth
Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda AUSL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento, 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 31;18(9):1878. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091878.
This review briefly describes the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in childhood, such as cystic fibrosis (CF), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) that can be considered, as such, for the changes reported in the placenta and cord blood of these subjects. Changes in growth hormone (GH) secretion, GH resistance, and changes in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system are described mainly in relationship with the increase in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Changes in the growth plate are also reported as well as a potential role for microRNAs (miRNAs) and thus epigenetic changes in chronic inflammation. Many mechanisms leading to growth failure are currently known; however, it is clear that further research in the field is still warranted.
本综述简要描述了儿童期最常见的慢性炎症性疾病，如囊性纤维化（CF）、炎症性肠病（IBD）、幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）和宫内生长受限（IUGR），鉴于这些疾病患者胎盘和脐带血中所报告的变化，可对其进行相应研究。主要描述了生长激素（GH）分泌变化、GH抵抗以及胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）系统的变化，这些变化与核因子-κB（NF-κB）和促炎细胞因子的增加有关。还报告了生长板的变化以及微小RNA（miRNA）的潜在作用，从而阐述了慢性炎症中的表观遗传变化。目前已知许多导致生长发育迟缓的机制；然而，该领域显然仍有必要进行进一步研究。
