Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.
Graduate School of Business, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Oct 3;51(19):11440-11449. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01723. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
The fabrication and manufacturing processes of industrial commodities such as iron, glass, and cement are carbon-intensive, accounting for 23% of global CO emissions. As a climate mitigation strategy, CO capture from flue gases of industrial processes-much like that of the power sector-has not experienced wide adoption given its high associated costs. However, some industrial processes with relatively high CO flue concentration may be viable candidates to cost-competitively supply CO for utilization purposes (e.g., polymer manufacturing, etc.). This work develops a methodology that determines the levelized cost ($/tCO) of separating, compressing, and transporting carbon dioxide. A top-down model determines the cost of separating and compressing CO across 18 industrial processes. Further, the study calculates the cost of transporting CO via pipeline and tanker truck to appropriately paired sinks using a bottom-up cost model and geo-referencing approach. The results show that truck transportation is generally the low-cost alternative given the relatively small volumes (ca. 100 kt CO/a). We apply our methodology to a regional case study in Pennsylvania, which shows steel and cement manufacturing paired to suitable sinks as having the lowest levelized cost of capture, compression, and transportation.
工业商品（如铁、玻璃和水泥）的制造工艺碳排放密集，占全球 CO 排放量的 23%。作为一种气候缓解策略，从工业过程（如电力部门）的烟道气中捕获 CO 并没有得到广泛采用，因为其相关成本很高。然而，一些具有相对较高 CO 烟道浓度的工业过程可能是具有成本竞争力的 CO 供应源，可用于利用目的（例如，聚合物制造等）。本工作开发了一种确定分离、压缩和运输二氧化碳的平准化成本（$/tCO）的方法。自上而下的模型确定了跨越 18 个工业过程的 CO 分离和压缩成本。此外，该研究使用基于成本的模型和地理参考方法计算了通过管道和油轮运输 CO 到适当配对汇的成本。结果表明，鉴于相对较小的体积（约 100ktCO/a），卡车运输通常是低成本的选择。我们将我们的方法应用于宾夕法尼亚州的区域案例研究，结果表明，钢铁和水泥制造与合适的汇配对具有最低的捕获、压缩和运输平准化成本。
