Jiang Rong-San, Twu Chih-Wen, Liang Kai-Li
1Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2017 Sep 1;31(5):317-322. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2017.31.4466.
Olfactory training is a novel intervention that has been used to treat olfactory dysfunction. This study attempted to investigate the effect of olfactory training in patients with traumatic anosmia.
Patients with a clear history of anosmia after experiencing a head injury and whose phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) odor detection thresholds were -1 after steroid and zinc treatment were included. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, with patients in one group given a bottle of PEA and those in another group given a bottle of mineral oil for 3-month olfactory training. All the patients were followed up with a PEA threshold test and the traditional Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT-TC). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to measure the volume of the olfactory bulbs. Any patient whose PEA threshold result was below -1.01 or whose UPSIT-TC score increased four or more points was considered to have shown improvement in their olfactory function.
Forty-two patients received PEA olfactory training, whereas 39 received olfactory training with mineral oil. The improvement of PEA thresholds function was observed in 10 patients within the PEA group and in 2 patients in the mineral oil group. The frequency of improvement of threshold within the PEA group was significantly higher than that of the mineral oil group. Neither olfactory bulb volume nor UPSIT-TC score was significantly different between the two groups.
Our results showed that olfactory training with PEA can improve PEA odor threshold levels in patients with traumatic anosmia.
嗅觉训练是一种用于治疗嗅觉功能障碍的新型干预措施。本研究旨在探讨嗅觉训练对外伤性嗅觉丧失患者的影响。
纳入头部受伤后有明确嗅觉丧失病史且在接受类固醇和锌治疗后苯乙醇（PEA）气味检测阈值为-1的患者。将患者随机分为两组，一组给予一瓶PEA进行为期3个月的嗅觉训练，另一组给予一瓶矿物油进行嗅觉训练。所有患者均接受PEA阈值测试和中文版宾夕法尼亚大学嗅觉识别测试（UPSIT-TC）随访。进行磁共振成像以测量嗅球体积。任何PEA阈值结果低于-1.01或UPSIT-TC得分增加4分或更多分的患者被认为嗅觉功能有所改善。
42例患者接受了PEA嗅觉训练，39例接受了矿物油嗅觉训练。PEA组有10例患者的PEA阈值功能得到改善，矿物油组有2例患者得到改善。PEA组阈值改善频率显著高于矿物油组。两组之间嗅球体积和UPSIT-TC得分均无显著差异。
我们的结果表明，PEA嗅觉训练可提高外伤性嗅觉丧失患者的PEA气味阈值水平。
