Mealier Anne-Laure, Pointeau Gregoire, Mirliaz Solène, Ogawa Kenji, Finlayson Mark, Dominey Peter F
Human and Robot Cognitive Systems, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleLyon, France.
Computer Science Department, Ecole Normale Supérieure de RennesRennes, France.
Front Psychol. 2017 Aug 15;8:1331. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01331. eCollection 2017.
It has been proposed that starting from meaning that the child derives directly from shared experience with others, adult narrative enriches this meaning and its structure, providing causal links between unseen intentional states and actions. This would require a means for representing meaning from experience-a situation model-and a mechanism that allows information to be extracted from sentences and mapped onto the situation model that has been derived from experience, thus enriching that representation. We present a hypothesis and theory concerning how the language processing infrastructure for grammatical constructions can naturally be extended to narrative constructions to provide a mechanism for using language to enrich meaning derived from physical experience. Toward this aim, the grammatical construction models are augmented with additional structures for representing relations between events across sentences. Simulation results demonstrate proof of concept for how the narrative construction model supports multiple successive levels of meaning creation which allows the system to learn about the intentionality of mental states, and argument substitution which allows extensions to metaphorical language and analogical problem solving. Cross-linguistic validity of the system is demonstrated in Japanese. The narrative construction model is then integrated into the cognitive system of a humanoid robot that provides the memory systems and world-interaction required for representing meaning in a situation model. In this context proof of concept is demonstrated for how the system enriches meaning in the situation model that has been directly derived from experience. In terms of links to empirical data, the model predicts strong usage based effects: that is, that the narrative constructions used by children will be highly correlated with those that they experience. It also relies on the notion of narrative or discourse function words. Both of these are validated in the experimental literature.
有人提出,成人叙事从儿童直接从与他人的共同经历中获得的意义出发,丰富了这种意义及其结构,在看不见的意向状态和行为之间建立了因果联系。这将需要一种从经验中表征意义的方式——情境模型——以及一种机制,该机制允许从句子中提取信息并映射到从经验中推导出来的情境模型上,从而丰富该表征。我们提出了一个假设和理论,关于语法结构的语言处理基础设施如何自然地扩展到叙事结构,以提供一种利用语言丰富从身体经验中获得的意义的机制。为了实现这一目标,语法结构模型增加了额外的结构,用于表示跨句子的事件之间的关系。模拟结果证明了叙事结构模型如何支持多个连续层次的意义创造的概念验证,这使得系统能够了解心理状态的意向性,以及论证替换,这允许扩展到隐喻语言和类比问题解决。该系统在日语中的跨语言有效性得到了证明。然后,叙事结构模型被集成到一个人形机器人的认知系统中,该系统提供了在情境模型中表征意义所需的记忆系统和与世界的交互。在这种情况下,证明了该系统如何丰富直接从经验中推导出来的情境模型中的意义的概念验证。就与实证数据的联系而言,该模型预测了基于使用的强烈效应:也就是说,儿童使用的叙事结构将与他们所经历的叙事结构高度相关。它还依赖于叙事或话语功能词的概念。这两者都在实验文献中得到了验证。