Bejjani F J
Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 1987 Jul;4(3):671-711.
Muscle strains represent more than a third of all injuries in both dancers and athletes. Although often overlooked, anatomic variations play an important role in the etiology of these injuries, as does strength imbalance between agonists and antagonists. The incidence of spondylolysis is unusually high in ballet dancers and certain athletic groups, such as gymnasts, javelin throwers, and weight-lifters. Mechanical factors play a major role and can be exacerbated by congenital abnormalities. Various permanent adaptive musculoskeletal changes have been described both in dancers and athletes, especially those that start at a very young age. Task-related adaptive changes can also be seen in isokinetic strength measurements of various muscle groups, such as the spine muscles of Flamenco dancers. Shoes and floor surfaces can be directly responsible in part or in whole for many sports and dance injuries. "Vibration-pressure" diagrams are suggested as an objective way to document their effect on biomechanical behavior.
肌肉拉伤在舞者和运动员的所有损伤中占比超过三分之一。尽管解剖变异常常被忽视，但它在这些损伤的病因中起着重要作用，主动肌和拮抗肌之间的力量失衡也是如此。腰椎峡部裂在芭蕾舞演员以及某些运动员群体（如体操运动员、标枪运动员和举重运动员）中的发病率异常高。机械因素起主要作用，先天性异常会使其加剧。在舞者和运动员中，尤其是那些从小就开始训练的人，已经描述了各种永久性的适应性肌肉骨骼变化。在各种肌肉群的等速力量测量中也可以看到与任务相关的适应性变化，比如弗拉门戈舞者的脊柱肌肉。鞋子和地面状况在部分或全部程度上可能直接导致许多运动和舞蹈损伤。“振动 - 压力”图被认为是记录它们对生物力学行为影响的一种客观方法。
