Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan; Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan.
J Affect Disord. 2018 Jan 1;225:552-558. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.073. Epub 2017 Aug 30.
Only one Brazilian study has examined the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms during pregnancy. The current cross-sectional study examined this issue in Japan.
Study subjects were 1744 pregnant women. Between April 2007 and March 2008, information under study was obtained. Dietary patterns were derived from a factor analysis of 33 predefined food groups based on a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were defined as a Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale score ≥ 16. Adjustment was made for age, gestation, region of residence, number of children, family structure, history of depression, family history of depression, smoking, secondhand smoke exposure, employment, household income, education, and body mass index.
Three dietary patterns were identified: 'healthy', characterized by high intake of green and yellow vegetables, other vegetables, mushrooms, pulses, seaweed, potatoes, fish, sea products, miso soup, sugar, and shellfish; 'Japanese', characterized by high intake of rice and miso soup; and 'Western', characterized by high intake of beef and pork, processed meat, vegetable oil, chicken, eggs, shellfish, and salt-containing seasonings. The healthy and Japanese patterns were independently inversely associated with depressive symptoms during pregnancy: the adjusted prevalence ratios (95% confidence intervals, P for trend) between extreme quartiles were 0.56 (0.43-0.73, < 0.0001) and 0.72 (0.55-0.94, 0.008), respectively. No association was observed between the Western pattern and depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
Information was obtained between the 5th and 39th week of pregnancy.
The healthy and Japanese dietary patterns may be inversely associated with depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
仅有一项巴西研究调查了孕期饮食模式与抑郁症状之间的关系。本横断面研究在日本对此问题进行了研究。
研究对象为 1744 名孕妇。于 2007 年 4 月至 2008 年 3 月期间获得研究信息。饮食模式是根据基于自我报告饮食史问卷的 33 种预定义食物组的因子分析得出的。抑郁症状的定义为中心流行病学研究抑郁量表评分≥16 分。调整了年龄、妊娠、居住地区、子女数量、家庭结构、抑郁史、抑郁家族史、吸烟、二手烟暴露、就业、家庭收入、教育程度和体重指数等因素。
确定了三种饮食模式：“健康”模式，其特点是大量摄入绿色和黄色蔬菜、其他蔬菜、蘑菇、豆类、海藻、土豆、鱼类、海产品、味增汤、糖和贝类；“日式”模式，其特点是大量摄入米饭和味增汤；“西式”模式，其特点是大量摄入牛肉和猪肉、加工肉类、植物油、鸡肉、鸡蛋、贝类和含盐调味料。健康和日式模式与孕期抑郁症状呈独立负相关：极端四分位组之间的调整后患病率比（95%置信区间，趋势 P 值）分别为 0.56（0.43-0.73，<0.0001）和 0.72（0.55-0.94，0.008）。西式模式与孕期抑郁症状之间无关联。
信息是在妊娠第 5 周到第 39 周之间获得的。
健康和日式饮食模式可能与孕期抑郁症状呈负相关。
