对菲律宾移民女性压力、痛苦与应对方式的质性研究：她们作为女性的多重跨国角色的影响。
A qualitative study of Filipina immigrants' stress, distress and coping: the impact of their multiple, transnational roles as women.
作者信息
Straiton Melanie L, Ledesma Heloise Marie L, Donnelly Tam T
机构信息
Division for mental and physical health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. box 4404, 0403, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Womens Health. 2017 Sep 5;17(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s12905-017-0429-4.
BACKGROUND
Migration is associated with a number of stress factors which can affect mental health. Ethnicity, gender and socioeconomic status can intertwine with and influence the process of migration and mental health. Philippine migration to Europe has increased in recent years and has become more feminised. Knowing more about the factors that influence immigrants' mental health and coping can help aid health care delivery and policy planning. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the contextual factors that influence the mental health of Filipinas living in Norway and their coping strategies.
METHOD
Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with fourteen Filipinas 24-49 years, living in Norway. The analysis was informed by the post-colonial feminist perspective in order to examine the process by which gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic status interact with contextual factors in these women's lives and influence their wellbeing.
RESULTS
Data analysis revealed that all informants experienced some level of stress or distress. Two main factors: Sense of belonging and Securing a future contributed to the women's level of distress associated with living abroad as an immigrant woman. Distress was heighted by the women's multiple, transnational roles they occupied; roles as workers, breadwinners, daughters, wives and mothers. None of the women had sought professional help for their distress. Religion and informal support from friends and family appear to help these women cope with many of the challenges they face as immigrant women living and working abroad.
CONCLUSIONS
Filipinas face a number of challenges related to their status as immigrant women and the juggling of their transnational lives. Understanding the context of these women's lives may aid the identification of mental health problems. Although the women show resilience and appear to cope successfully, some may benefit from professional help.
背景
移民与许多可能影响心理健康的压力因素相关。种族、性别和社会经济地位可能相互交织并影响移民过程和心理健康。近年来，菲律宾向欧洲的移民有所增加，且女性化程度更高。更多地了解影响移民心理健康及应对方式的因素有助于改善医疗服务和政策规划。这项定性研究的目的是探讨影响生活在挪威的菲律宾女性心理健康的背景因素及其应对策略。
方法
对14名年龄在24至49岁、生活在挪威的菲律宾女性进行了个人深度访谈。分析采用后殖民女性主义视角，以考察性别、种族和社会经济地位在这些女性生活中与背景因素相互作用并影响其幸福感的过程。
结果
数据分析显示，所有受访者都经历了一定程度的压力或困扰。两个主要因素，即归属感和保障未来，导致这些女性作为移民女性在国外生活时产生困扰。这些女性所承担的多种跨国角色——工人、养家糊口者、女儿、妻子和母亲，加剧了她们的困扰。没有一位女性因困扰寻求过专业帮助。宗教以及朋友和家人的非正式支持似乎帮助这些女性应对了她们作为在国外生活和工作的移民女性所面临的许多挑战。
结论
菲律宾女性作为移民女性以及应对跨国生活面临诸多挑战。了解这些女性的生活背景可能有助于识别心理健康问题。尽管这些女性表现出韧性且似乎应对得当，但有些人可能会从专业帮助中受益。
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