From the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.
Psychosom Med. 2017 Nov/Dec;79(9):960-970. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000521.
The American Psychosomatic Society was founded in 1942 and is celebrating its 75th anniversary in 2017. In recognizing the society's anniversary, this article provides a historical perspective on its history, the field of psychosomatic medicine in general, and anticipated future directions.
Essay and narrative review of the literature on the historic development of psychosomatic concepts and their impact on medicine over time.
Mind-body associations have been described in the medical literature for more than 3500 years. Early concepts of mind-body dualism and attempts to overcome them are found in classical Greek medicine. Psychosomatic thinking can be observed ever since, but only in the 20th century, a "psychosomatic movement" emerged in Europe and North America, aiming at humanizing medicine by introducing a holistic understanding of man into what was considered a widely reductionistic practice of medicine. This movement led to the inauguration of the American Psychosomatic Society during World War II and of national and international societies of psychosomatic medicine and its subspecializations thereafter.
Psychosomatic medicine has its roots in the beginnings of medicine. During the past 75 years, it has made substantial contributions to the science and practice of medicine. The field has also changed in response to developments in medicine, technology, and society and is facing new challenges and opportunities that may require further adaptation of its concepts and practice.
美国身心医学学会成立于 1942 年，将于 2017 年庆祝其成立 75 周年。在纪念学会周年之际，本文从历史角度回顾了身心医学的发展历程以及对医学的影响，并对未来的发展方向进行了预测。
本文通过文献回顾，对身心概念的历史发展及其对医学的影响进行了综述。
医学文献中对身心关联的描述已有 3500 多年的历史。在古希腊医学中，就已经出现了身心二元论的早期概念以及克服这些概念的尝试。自此之后，身心思维一直存在，但直到 20 世纪，欧洲和北美的“身心运动”兴起，旨在通过将整体论的人类理解引入被认为是广泛还原论的医学实践，实现医学的人性化。这场运动促成了第二次世界大战期间美国身心医学学会的成立，以及之后各国身心医学学会及其分支的成立。
身心医学的起源可以追溯到医学的起源时期。在过去的 75 年里，它为医学的科学和实践做出了重大贡献。该领域也随着医学、技术和社会的发展而发生变化，目前正面临新的挑战和机遇，这可能需要进一步调整其概念和实践。
