Grinde Bjørn, Engdahl Bo
Department of Aging, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Box 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, PO Norway.
Immun Ageing. 2017 Aug 31;14:20. doi: 10.1186/s12979-017-0102-7. eCollection 2017.
It has recently been shown that the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast rejuvenates aged brains in rats. The question is whether this commonly used, systemic, anti-asthmatic medicine has a similar effect in humans?
We approached this issue by doing statistical analyses based on the Norwegian Prescription Database. The Database lists all prescription-based medications in Norway, but not drugs given to people who are in hospitals or nursing homes. The question asked was whether users of montelukast, compared to users of inhalation asthma medicine, live longer, and are less likely to develop dementia. A small, non-significant protective effect on the use of dementia medicine became significant when adjusting for other prescriptions (based on the notion that montelukast users on average are less healthy). A possible protective effect was substantiated by looking at the lack of prescriptions as a proxy for dementia-related residency in nursing homes, and the risk of death.
The present results suggest that montelukast may alleviate the cognitive decline associated with human aging. However, further data, preferably based on controlled clinical trials, are required.
最近有研究表明，白三烯受体拮抗剂孟鲁司特可使大鼠衰老的大脑恢复活力。问题在于，这种常用的全身性抗哮喘药物在人类身上是否有类似效果？
我们通过对挪威处方数据库进行统计分析来探讨这个问题。该数据库列出了挪威所有基于处方的药物，但不包括给住院患者或养老院患者使用的药物。我们提出的问题是，与吸入性哮喘药物使用者相比，孟鲁司特使用者是否寿命更长，患痴呆症的可能性更小。在调整其他处方后（基于孟鲁司特使用者平均健康状况较差这一观点），对使用痴呆症药物的微小非显著保护作用变得显著。通过将缺乏处方作为养老院中与痴呆症相关居住情况的替代指标以及死亡风险来观察，证实了可能存在的保护作用。
目前的结果表明，孟鲁司特可能减轻与人类衰老相关的认知衰退。然而，需要更多数据，最好是基于对照临床试验的数据。
