Schwimmbeck Fabian, Staffen Wolfgang, Höhn Christopher, Rossini Fabio, Renz Nora, Lobendanz Markus, Reichenpfader Peter, Iglseder Bernhard, Aigner Ludwig, Trinka Eugen, Höller Yvonne
Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience (CCNS), Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Brain Sci. 2021 Apr 27;11(5):547. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11050547.
Montelukast is a well-established antiasthmatic drug with little side effects. It is a leukotriene receptor antagonist and recent research suggests cognitive benefits from its anti-inflammatory actions on the central nervous system. However, changes in brain activity were not directly shown so far in humans. This study aims to document changes in brain activity that are associated with cognitive improvement during treatment with Montelukast. We recorded EEG and conducted neuropsychological tests in 12 asthma-patients aged 38-73 years before and after 8 weeks of treatment with Montelukast. We found no significant changes on neuropsychological scales for memory, attention, and mood. In the EEG, we found decreased entropy at follow up during rest ( < 0.005). During episodic memory acquisition we found decreased entropy ( < 0.01) and acceleration of the background rhythm ( < 0.05). During visual attention performance, we detected an increase in gamma power ( < 0.005) and slowing of the background rhythm ( < 0.05). The study is limited by its small sample size, young age and absence of baseline cognitive impairment of the participants. Unspecific changes in brain activity were not accompanied by cognitive improvement. Future studies should examine elderly patients with cognitive impairment in a double-blind study with longer-term treatment by Montelukast.
孟鲁司特是一种成熟的抗哮喘药物，副作用较小。它是一种白三烯受体拮抗剂，最近的研究表明，其对中枢神经系统的抗炎作用具有认知益处。然而，迄今为止，尚未在人类中直接显示出大脑活动的变化。本研究旨在记录孟鲁司特治疗期间与认知改善相关的大脑活动变化。我们对12名年龄在38 - 73岁的哮喘患者在接受孟鲁司特治疗8周前后进行了脑电图（EEG）记录并开展了神经心理学测试。我们发现，在记忆、注意力和情绪的神经心理学量表上没有显著变化。在脑电图方面，我们发现随访时静息状态下熵值降低（<0.005）。在情景记忆获取过程中，我们发现熵值降低（<0.01）且背景节律加快（<0.05）。在视觉注意力表现过程中，我们检测到γ波功率增加（<0.005）且背景节律减慢（<0.05）。该研究受样本量小、参与者年龄轻以及缺乏基线认知障碍的限制。大脑活动的非特异性变化并未伴随认知改善。未来的研究应以双盲研究的方式，对患有认知障碍的老年患者进行更长时间的孟鲁司特治疗研究。
