Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas/Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Cidade Universitária-Campus I, Caixa Postal 5009, 58.051-970 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:7941563. doi: 10.1155/2017/7941563. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
The world's population over 60 years is growing rapidly, reaching 22% of the global population in the next decades. Despite the increase in global longevity, individual healthspan needs to follow this growth. Several diseases have their prevalence increased by age, such as cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the aging biology mechanisms is fundamental to the pursuit of cardiovascular health. In this way, aging is characterized by a gradual decline in physiological functions, involving the increased number in senescent cells into the body. Several pathways lead to senescence, including oxidative stress and persistent inflammation, as well as energy failure such as mitochondrial dysfunction and deregulated autophagy, being ROS, AMPK, SIRTs, mTOR, IGF-1, and p53 key regulators of the metabolic control, connecting aging to the pathways which drive towards diseases. In addition, senescence can be induced by cellular replication, which resulted from telomere shortening. Taken together, it is possible to draw a common pathway unifying aging to cardiovascular diseases, and the central point of this process, senescence, can be the target for new therapies, which may result in the healthspan matching the lifespan.
全球 60 岁以上人口增长迅速，在未来几十年将达到全球人口的 22%。尽管全球寿命延长，但个体健康寿命需要跟上这一增长。一些疾病的发病率随着年龄的增长而增加，如心血管疾病，这是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。了解衰老的生物学机制是追求心血管健康的基础。衰老的特点是生理功能逐渐下降，包括体内衰老细胞数量的增加。有几种途径导致衰老，包括氧化应激和持续的炎症，以及能量衰竭，如线粒体功能障碍和失调的自噬，ROS、AMPK、SIRTs、mTOR、IGF-1 和 p53 是代谢控制的关键调节因子，将衰老与导致疾病的途径联系起来。此外，衰老可以通过细胞复制引起，这是由于端粒缩短所致。总之，可以得出一条将衰老与心血管疾病联系起来的共同途径，而这个过程的中心点——衰老，可以成为新疗法的靶点，从而使健康寿命与寿命相匹配。
