Murray Kate, Godbole Suneeta, Natarajan Loki, Full Kelsie, Hipp J Aaron, Glanz Karen, Mitchell Jonathan, Laden Francine, James Peter, Quante Mirja, Kerr Jacqueline
School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2017 Sep 6;12(9):e0182013. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182013. eCollection 2017.
Physical activity and time spent outdoors may be important non-pharmacological approaches to improve sleep quality and duration (or sleep patterns) but there is little empirical research evaluating the two simultaneously. The current study assesses the role of physical activity and time outdoors in predicting sleep health by using objective measurement of the three variables. A convenience sample of 360 adult women (mean age = 55.38 ±9.89 years; mean body mass index = 27.74 ±6.12) was recruited from different regions of the U.S. Participants wore a Global Positioning System device and ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the hip for 7 days and on the wrist for 7 days and 7 nights to assess total time and time of day spent outdoors, total minutes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day, and 4 measures of sleep health, respectively. A generalized mixed-effects model was used to assess temporal associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, outdoor time, and sleep at the daily level (days = 1931) within individuals. There was a significant interaction (p = 0.04) between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and time spent outdoors in predicting total sleep time but not for predicting sleep efficiency. Increasing time outdoors in the afternoon (versus morning) predicted lower sleep efficiency, but had no effect on total sleep time. Time spent outdoors and the time of day spent outdoors may be important moderators in assessing the relation between physical activity and sleep. More research is needed in larger populations using experimental designs.
体育活动和户外时间可能是改善睡眠质量和时长（或睡眠模式）的重要非药物方法，但很少有实证研究同时评估这两者。本研究通过对这三个变量进行客观测量，评估体育活动和户外时间在预测睡眠健康方面的作用。从美国不同地区招募了360名成年女性作为便利样本（平均年龄 = 55.38 ± 9.89岁；平均体重指数 = 27.74 ± 6.12）。参与者在臀部佩戴全球定位系统设备和ActiGraph GT3X+加速度计7天，并在手腕佩戴7天7夜，以分别评估户外总时间和户外时间、每天中度至剧烈体育活动的总分钟数以及4项睡眠健康指标。使用广义混合效应模型评估个体内部每天（天数 = 1931）中度至剧烈体育活动、户外时间和睡眠之间的时间关联。在预测总睡眠时间方面，中度至剧烈体育活动和户外时间之间存在显著交互作用（p = 0.04），但在预测睡眠效率方面不存在。下午（与上午相比）增加户外时间可预测较低的睡眠效率，但对总睡眠时间没有影响。户外时间和户外时间的时间段可能是评估体育活动与睡眠关系的重要调节因素。需要在更大规模人群中采用实验设计进行更多研究。
