Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 6;7(1):10603. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10790-4.
The optical phase conjugation (OPC) through photonic nanostructures in coherent optics involves the utilization of a nonlinear optical mechanism through real-time processing of electromagnetic fields. Their applications include spectroscopy, optical tomography, wavefront sensing, and imaging. The development of functional and personalized holographic devices in the visible and near-infrared spectrum can be improved by introducing cost-effective, rapid, and high-throughput fabrication techniques and low-cost recording media. Here, we develop flat and thin phase-conjugate nanostructures on low-cost ink coated glass substrates through a facile and flexible single pulsed nanosecond laser based reflection holography and a cornercube retroreflector (CCR). Fabricated one/two-dimensional (1D/2D) nanostructures exhibited far-field phase-conjugated patterns through wavefront reconstruction by means of diffraction. The optical phase conjugation property had correlation with the laser light (energy) and structural parameters (width, height and exposure angle) variation. The phase conjugated diffraction property from the recorded nanostructures was verified through spectral measurements, far-field diffraction experiments, and thermal imaging. Furthermore, a comparison between the conventional and phase-conjugated nanostructures showed two-fold increase in diffracted light intensity under monochromatic light illumination. It is anticipated that low-cost ink based holographic phase-conjugate nanostructures may have applications in flexible and printable displays, polarization-selective flat waveplates, and adaptive diffraction optics.
光通过在相干光学中的光子纳米结构的相位共轭（OPC）涉及通过实时处理电磁场利用非线性光学机制。它们的应用包括光谱学、光学层析成像、波前传感和成像。通过引入具有成本效益、快速和高通量的制造技术和低成本记录介质，可以改善在可见和近红外光谱中的功能和个性化全息器件的开发。在这里，我们通过简便灵活的单次纳秒激光基于反射全息术和角反射器（CCR）在低成本涂墨玻璃衬底上制备平面和薄的相位共轭纳米结构。通过衍射实现波前重建，所制备的一维/二维（1D/2D）纳米结构表现出远场相位共轭图案。光学相位共轭特性与激光光（能量）和结构参数（宽度、高度和曝光角）的变化有关。通过光谱测量、远场衍射实验和热成像验证了记录纳米结构的相位共轭衍射特性。此外，对常规和相位共轭纳米结构的比较表明，在单色光照明下，衍射光强度增加了两倍。预计基于低成本墨水的全息相位共轭纳米结构可应用于柔性和可打印显示器、偏振选择平面波片和自适应衍射光学元件。
