Nunes Ludmila D, Garcia-Marques Leonel, Ferreira Mário B, Ramos Tânia
Center for Instructional Excellence, Purdue UniversityLafayette, IN, United States.
Centro de Investigação em Ciência Psicológica (CICPSI), Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal.
Front Psychol. 2017 Aug 22;8:1408. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01408. eCollection 2017.
An extension of the DRM paradigm was used to study the impact of central traits (Asch, 1946) in impression formation. Traits corresponding to the four clusters of the implicit theory of personality-intellectual, positive and negative; and social, positive and negative (Rosenberg et al., 1968)-were used to develop lists containing several traits of one cluster and one central trait prototypical of the opposite cluster. Participants engaging in impression formation relative to participants engaging in memorization not only produced higher levels of false memories corresponding to the same cluster of the list traits but, under response time pressure at retrieval, also produced more false memories of the cluster corresponding to the central trait. We argue that the importance of central traits stems from their ability to activate their corresponding semantic space within a specialized associative memory structure underlying the implicit theory of personality.
DRM范式的一种扩展被用于研究核心特质（阿施，1946年）在印象形成中的影响。与人格内隐理论的四个类别相对应的特质——智力方面，积极和消极的；社交方面，积极和消极的（罗森伯格等人，1968年）——被用于编制列表，这些列表包含一个类别的几个特质以及相反类别的一个核心特质原型。与参与记忆的参与者相比，参与印象形成的参与者不仅产生了与列表特质同一类别的更高水平的错误记忆，而且在检索时的反应时间压力下，还产生了更多与核心特质相对应类别的错误记忆。我们认为，核心特质的重要性源于它们能够在人格内隐理论所基于的专门联想记忆结构中激活其相应的语义空间。
