Marini Maddalena, Agosta Sara, Mazzoni Giuliana, Barba Gianfranco Dalla, Sartori Giuseppe
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2012 Aug 27;3:310. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00310. eCollection 2012.
Memory is prone to illusions. When people are presented with lists of words associated with a non-presented critical lure, they produce a high level of false recognitions (false memories) for non-presented related stimuli indistinguishable, at the explicit level, from presented words (DRM paradigm). We assessed whether true and false DRM memories can be distinguished at the implicit level by using the autobiographical IAT (aIAT), a novel method based on indirect measures that permits to detect true autobiographical events encoded in the respondent's mind/brain. In our experiment, after a DRM task participants performed two aIATs: the first aimed at testing implicit memory for presented words (true-memories aIAT) and the second aimed at evaluating implicit memory for critical lures (false-memories aIAT). Specifically, the two aIATs assessed the association of presented words and critical lures with the logical dimension "true." Results showed that the aIAT detected a greater association of presented words than critical lures with the logical dimension "true." This result indicates that although true and false DRM memories are indistinguishable at the explicit level a different association of the true and false DRM memories with the logical dimension "true" can be detected at the implicit level, and suggests that the aIAT may be a sensitive instrument to detect differences between true and false DRM memories.
记忆容易产生错觉。当人们看到与未呈现的关键诱饵相关的单词列表时，他们会对未呈现的相关刺激产生高水平的错误识别（错误记忆），在显性层面上，这些刺激与呈现的单词无法区分（DRM范式）。我们通过使用自传式内隐联想测验（aIAT）来评估真假DRM记忆在隐性层面上是否可以区分，这是一种基于间接测量的新方法，能够检测被试脑海/大脑中编码的真实自传事件。在我们的实验中，在完成DRM任务后，参与者进行了两项aIAT：第一项旨在测试对呈现单词的内隐记忆（真实记忆aIAT），第二项旨在评估对关键诱饵的内隐记忆（错误记忆aIAT）。具体而言，这两项aIAT评估了呈现单词和关键诱饵与逻辑维度“真实”之间的关联。结果表明，aIAT检测到呈现单词与逻辑维度“真实”的关联比关键诱饵更强。这一结果表明，尽管真假DRM记忆在显性层面上无法区分，但在隐性层面上可以检测到真假DRM记忆与逻辑维度“真实”的不同关联，这表明aIAT可能是检测真假DRM记忆差异的灵敏工具。
