Yoon Ji-Young, Kim Eun-Jung
Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea.
J Dent Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Jun;16(2):89-94. doi: 10.17245/jdapm.2016.16.2.89. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
Anxiety and phobia in dental procedures are common deterrents for patients visiting the dental care unit. For these individuals, procedural sedation may aid in completion of dental treatments. In most cases, the patients are conscious during sedation, thereby allowing spontaneous ventilation. Intravenous sedation (IVS) is widely used during dental treatment to relieve patient anxiety. IVS is the most effective route of administration to achieve this goal, but it requires advanced training, more than that provided during undergraduate education. During IVS, rapid onset, repetitive drug administration, easy titration, and rapid recovery from sedation can be achieved. However, conscious sedation during IVS can result in deep sedation that can cause respiratory and cardiovascular depression. Therefore, the characteristics of intravenous sedatives should be known. The purpose of this review is to discuss the characteristics and usage of intravenous sedatives currently used for dental procedures.
在牙科治疗过程中，焦虑和恐惧症是患者前往牙科护理单元的常见阻碍因素。对于这些患者，程序镇静可能有助于完成牙科治疗。在大多数情况下，患者在镇静过程中保持清醒，从而能够自主呼吸。静脉镇静（IVS）在牙科治疗中被广泛用于缓解患者焦虑。IVS是实现这一目标最有效的给药途径，但它需要比本科教育期间提供的更多的高级培训。在IVS期间，可以实现起效迅速、重复给药、易于滴定以及从镇静状态快速恢复。然而，IVS期间的清醒镇静可能导致深度镇静，进而引起呼吸和心血管抑制。因此，应该了解静脉镇静剂的特性。本综述的目的是讨论目前用于牙科治疗的静脉镇静剂的特性和用法。
