Jules Gonin University Eye Hospital, University of Lausanne, Avenue de France 15 - Case Postale 5143 - 1000 Lausanne 2, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2017 Sep 7;17(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12902-017-0206-2.
The increasing prevalence of diabetes is leading to a rise of eye diseases, augmenting the risk of sight-threatening complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence, awareness and practices regarding eye diseases among patients with diabetes in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland.
A cohort of 323 patients with diabetes completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing prevalence, awareness and practices regarding eye diseases, besides health status and quality of care measures. Descriptive analyses followed by exploratory subgroup analyses and linear regressions were performed to investigate factors associated with awareness and practices.
While diabetic retinopathy was reported by 40.9% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 9.8% of patients with type 2 diabetes, 35.8% and 12.6% of all participants reported cataract and glaucoma, respectively. Awareness that diabetes could damage the eyes was reported by almost all participants; the majority was also aware of the importance of glycemic control and regular eye examination in preventing eye diseases. In contrast, only 70.5% of participants underwent an eye examination by an ophthalmologist during the past year. Eye examination was associated with better patients' awareness. Barriers mentioned by patients revealed a lack of knowledge about screening guidelines, in particular regarding the preventive nature of eye examinations.
Despite high levels of awareness regarding diabetic eye diseases, a significant proportion of patients with diabetes did not report annual eye examination. Both healthcare strategic efforts targeting the promotion of regular eye examination and initiatives aiming at improving knowledge of screening guidelines should be encouraged.
ClinicalTrials.gov on 9th July 2013, identifier NCT01902043 (retrospectively registered).
糖尿病的患病率不断上升，导致眼部疾病的发病率上升，增加了威胁视力的并发症的风险。本研究旨在评估瑞士沃州糖尿病患者眼部疾病的患病率、知晓率和治疗实践。
323 名糖尿病患者完成了一份自我管理问卷，评估了他们对眼部疾病的患病率、知晓率和治疗实践，以及健康状况和护理质量措施。进行了描述性分析，然后进行了探索性亚组分析和线性回归，以调查与知晓率和治疗实践相关的因素。
1 型糖尿病患者中 40.9%和 2 型糖尿病患者中 9.8%报告了糖尿病视网膜病变，而所有参与者中分别有 35.8%和 12.6%报告了白内障和青光眼。几乎所有参与者都意识到糖尿病会损害眼睛；大多数人还意识到控制血糖和定期眼部检查对预防眼部疾病的重要性。相比之下，只有 70.5%的参与者在过去一年中接受了眼科医生的眼部检查。眼部检查与患者更好的知晓率相关。患者提到的障碍表明他们缺乏对筛查指南的了解，特别是对眼部检查的预防性认识。
尽管对糖尿病眼部疾病的认识水平较高，但相当一部分糖尿病患者未进行年度眼部检查。应鼓励采取医疗保健战略措施，促进定期眼部检查，并开展提高对筛查指南认识的倡议。
ClinicalTrials.gov 于 2013 年 7 月 9 日注册，标识符 NCT01902043（回顾性注册）。
