印度泰米尔纳德邦农村糖尿病患者对眼部影响的认知与行为
Awareness and practices on eye effects among people with diabetes in rural Tamil Nadu, India.
作者信息
Balasubramaniyan N, Ganesh Kumar S, Ramesh Babu K, Subitha L
机构信息
Public Health Management (PGDPHM) Trainee (JIPMER), Epidemiologist, Villupuram district, Govt. of Tamil Nadu.
Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2016 Mar;16(1):210-7. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v16i1.28.
BACKGROUND
Recently eye effects of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are an important concern due to increase in its trend especially in developing countries.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the awareness related to eye effects of DM and its prevention practices among people with diabetes.
METHODS
This cross sectional study was conducted from January 2013 to April 2013 in Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu, India. All 105 people with diabetes from the service area of two sub-centres were included. Data on socio demographic details, history of DM, awareness on systemic complications of DM, effects of DM on eyes, practice on regular blood check-up, eye examination and source of information were collected by interview technique using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were done to assess the association of awareness of eye examination with socio-demographic variables.
RESULTS
Mean age of the study population was 56.7 years. About 93 people with diabetes (88.6%) tested their blood sugar at least once in every 3 months. About 80 people with diabetes (76.2%) were aware of at least one systemic complication of DM. Although 78 (74.3%) people with diabetes were aware that DM could affect the eyes, majority of this group (68, 87.2%) did not know the specific effects of DM on eyes. In this group, about 28(35.9%) people with diabetes were not aware of the reasons for eye effects, while others mentioned that persistent high blood sugar level (n=26, 33.3%), longer duration of DM (n=14, 17.9%) and lifestyle (n=10, 12.8%) were the reasons for the eye effects of DM. Only 31 (29.5%) of them knew that their eyes must be regularly examined. People with diabetes who had post-secondary and above (>10th standard) level of education had significantly higher awareness on examination of eye (Adjusted OR=19.63).
CONCLUSION
Although awareness of people with diabetes on systemic effects of DM was more, their awareness on specific eye effects and need for regular screening was low. Systematic efforts are required to increase awareness on eye effects and importance of regular screening in this population.
背景
近年来，糖尿病（DM）的眼部影响成为一个重要问题，尤其是在发展中国家，其发病率呈上升趋势。
目的
评估糖尿病患者对糖尿病眼部影响及其预防措施的认知情况。
方法
本横断面研究于2013年1月至2013年4月在印度泰米尔纳德邦的维鲁布尔姆区进行。纳入了两个分中心服务区域内的所有105名糖尿病患者。通过使用结构化问卷的访谈技术，收集了社会人口学详细信息、糖尿病病史、对糖尿病全身并发症的认知、糖尿病对眼睛的影响、定期血液检查和眼部检查的实践情况以及信息来源等数据。进行单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析，以评估眼部检查认知与社会人口学变量之间的关联。
结果
研究人群的平均年龄为56.7岁。约93名糖尿病患者（88.6%）每3个月至少检测一次血糖。约80名糖尿病患者（76.2%）知晓至少一种糖尿病的全身并发症。尽管78名（74.3%）糖尿病患者知道糖尿病会影响眼睛，但该组中的大多数人（68名，87.2%）不知道糖尿病对眼睛的具体影响。在这组患者中，约28名（35.9%）糖尿病患者不知道眼部受影响的原因，而其他人提到持续高血糖水平（n = 26，33.3%）、糖尿病病程较长（n = 14，17.9%）和生活方式（n = 10，12.8%）是糖尿病眼部影响的原因。其中只有31名（29.5%）知道必须定期检查眼睛。接受过高中及以上教育（高于十年级标准）的糖尿病患者对眼部检查的认知明显更高（调整后的比值比=19.63）。
结论
尽管糖尿病患者对糖尿病的全身影响认知较多，但他们对眼部具体影响以及定期筛查必要性的认知较低。需要系统地努力提高该人群对眼部影响和定期筛查重要性的认知。
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