Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychology, Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2017 Dec;258:481-487. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.092. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
The present study examined the interaction between early life stress and 5-HTT genotypes in predicting two risk factors for suicidal behavior - the brooding subtype of rumination and impulsivity, in the form of negative urgency - over time. Furthermore, we examined early life stress, brooding, and impulsivity as predictors of suicidal ideation over time. Participants with and without a history of early life stress were genotyped for the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and completed assessments assessing brooding and negative urgency at baseline and 6-month follow up. Early life emotional abuse was associated with negative urgency at follow-up. We found an indirect effect of early life emotional abuse on negative urgency through brooding among individuals with 5-HTT low expressing genotypes but not among individuals with 5-HTT high expressing genotypes. Further, a logistic regression analysis revealed that negative urgency was associated with higher odds (O.R. = 16.2) of reporting suicide ideation (versus no ideation) at follow-up. Our findings suggest that brooding and negative urgency may result from the interaction between early life emotional abuse and 5-HTT low expressing genotypes. Further research is necessary to understand how early life stress interacts with 5-HTT genotypes to confer risk for suicidal behavior through psychological mechanisms.
本研究考察了早期生活应激与 5-HTT 基因型在预测自杀行为的两个风险因素中的相互作用——沉思的沉思亚型和冲动性，表现为负性冲动——随时间的推移。此外，我们还考察了早期生活应激、沉思和冲动性随时间预测自杀意念的情况。有和没有早期生活应激史的参与者接受了 5-HTTLPR 多态性基因分型，并在基线和 6 个月随访时完成了评估，评估了沉思和负性冲动。早期生活中的情绪虐待与随访时的负性冲动有关。我们发现，在 5-HTT 低表达基因型的个体中，早期生活中的情绪虐待通过沉思对负性冲动有间接影响，但在 5-HTT 高表达基因型的个体中则没有。此外，逻辑回归分析显示，负性冲动与随访时报告自杀意念（而非无意念）的可能性更高相关（OR=16.2）。我们的研究结果表明，沉思和负性冲动可能是早期生活中的情绪虐待与 5-HTT 低表达基因型相互作用的结果。需要进一步研究来了解早期生活应激如何与 5-HTT 基因型相互作用，通过心理机制导致自杀行为的风险。
