Katz Rebecca, Attal-Juncqua Aurelia, Fischer Julie E
Rebecca Katz, Aurelia Attal-Juncqua, and Julie E. Fischer are with the Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC.
Am J Public Health. 2017 Sep;107(S2):S148-S152. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.303956.
The historical precedents that support state and local leadership in preparedness for and response to disasters are in many ways at odds with the technical demands of preparedness and response for incidents affecting public health. New and revised laws and regulations, executive orders, policies, strategies, and plans developed in response to biological threats since 2001 address the role of the federal government in the response to public health emergencies. However, financial mechanisms for disaster response-especially those that wait for gubernatorial request before federal assistance can be provided-do not align with the need to prevent the spread of infectious agents or efficiently reduce the impact on public health. We review key US policies and funding mechanisms relevant to public health emergencies and clarify how policies, regulations, and resources affect coordinated responses.
支持州和地方在灾害防范与应对中发挥领导作用的历史先例，在很多方面与影响公众健康事件的防范和应对的技术要求不一致。自2001年以来，为应对生物威胁而制定的新的和修订的法律法规、行政命令、政策、战略及计划，阐述了联邦政府在应对公共卫生紧急事件中的作用。然而，灾害应对的财政机制——尤其是那些在州长提出请求之前无法提供联邦援助的机制——与预防传染源传播或有效降低对公众健康影响的需求不一致。我们审视了与公共卫生紧急事件相关的美国关键政策和资金机制，并阐明政策、法规及资源如何影响协同应对。
