Hansen Shana L, Capener Dale, Daly Christopher
Pediatr Ann. 2017 Sep 1;46(9):e340-e344. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20170816-01.
Insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality are common among adolescents. The multidimensional causes of insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality include biological, health-related, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The most common direct consequence of insufficient and/or poor sleep quality is excessive daytime sleepiness, which may contribute to poor academic performance, behavioral health problems, substance use, and drowsy driving. Evaluation of sleepiness includes a detailed sleep history and sleep diary, with polysomnography only required for the assessment of specific sleep disorders. Management involves encouraging healthy sleep practices such as having consistent bed and wake times, limiting caffeine and electronics at night before bed, and eliminating napping, in addition to treating any existing sleep or medical disorders. [Pediatr Ann. 2017;46(9):e340-e344.].
睡眠时长不足和睡眠质量差在青少年中很常见。睡眠时长不足和睡眠质量差的多方面原因包括生物学因素、健康相关因素、环境因素和生活方式因素。睡眠不足和/或睡眠质量差最常见的直接后果是白天过度嗜睡，这可能导致学业成绩不佳、行为健康问题、药物使用和疲劳驾驶。嗜睡评估包括详细的睡眠史和睡眠日记，只有在评估特定睡眠障碍时才需要进行多导睡眠图检查。管理措施包括鼓励健康的睡眠习惯，如保持一致的上床和起床时间、睡前限制咖啡因摄入和使用电子产品，以及消除午睡，此外还要治疗任何现有的睡眠或医学疾病。[《儿科年鉴》。2017年；46(9):e340 - e344。]
