1Department of Psychiatry,University of Cambridge,Cambridge,UK.
3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience,University of Chicago,Illinois,USA.
CNS Spectr. 2017 Dec;22(6):495-503. doi: 10.1017/S1092852917000037. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
Gambling is a commonplace phenomenon, existing along a continuum from occasional gambling to functionally impairing gambling disorder. The internet may act as a conduit for some gambling behaviors. The impact of problematic internet use on clinical and cognitive features relevant to gambling has received little research attention.
A total of 206 adults aged 18-30 years who gamble at least five times per year were recruited from the general community and undertook detailed clinical and cognitive assessments. Problematic internet use was defined using a total score of 5 or more on Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ). Linear regression was employed to evaluate the relative contribution of addictive-related, impulsive-related, and compulsive-related measures in predicting YDQ total scores in gamblers.
Gamblers with problematic internet use (18% of the sample) reported lower quality of life, lower self-esteem, elevated rates of intermittent explosive disorder, gambling disorder symptoms, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, antisocial personality disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as relative deficits in decision making and spatial working memory. In linear regression, the extent of problematic internet use was most significantly associated with increased gambling disorder symptoms and increased ADHD symptoms.
Problematic internet use in gamblers is associated with worse quality of life, more problem/pathological gambling symptoms, more psychiatric morbidities, and select cognitive impairment. Refinement of the definition of problematic internet use and exploration of its clinical and cognitive associations are likely to be highly relevant to the treatment of problematic gambling.
赌博是一种常见现象，存在于从偶尔赌博到功能损害性赌博障碍的连续谱中。互联网可能是某些赌博行为的渠道。关于有问题的互联网使用对与赌博相关的临床和认知特征的影响，研究关注甚少。
从普通人群中招募了 206 名年龄在 18-30 岁之间、每年至少赌博 5 次的成年人，并对他们进行了详细的临床和认知评估。使用 Young 诊断问卷（YDQ）的总分 5 或以上来定义有问题的互联网使用。线性回归用于评估成瘾相关、冲动相关和强迫相关措施在预测赌博者 YDQ 总分中的相对贡献。
有问题的互联网使用（样本的 18%）的赌徒报告生活质量较低、自尊心较低、间歇性爆发障碍、赌博障碍症状、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状、反社会人格障碍和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的发生率较高，以及决策和空间工作记忆相对缺陷。在线性回归中，有问题的互联网使用程度与增加的赌博障碍症状和增加的 ADHD 症状最显著相关。
赌徒中存在问题的互联网使用与较差的生活质量、更多的问题/病理性赌博症状、更多的精神疾病和特定的认知障碍有关。对有问题的互联网使用的定义的细化和对其临床和认知关联的探索可能与有问题的赌博的治疗密切相关。
