Hashemifard Tahere, Vaezi Ali Akbar, Mazloomy Seyed Saeed, Kamalikhah Tahere, Khankolabi Mehdi, Andishmand Abbas, Baghianimoghadam Mohammad Hossein
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Ph.D. of Nursing, Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Electron Physician. 2017 Jul 25;9(7):4906-4913. doi: 10.19082/4906. eCollection 2017 Jul.
Cardiovascular diseases are the world's leading cause of mortality. These diseases are rooted in an unhealthy lifestyle. In order to confront this subject, it is essential to identify several risk factors that contribute to heart disease (HD) in people with different attitudes, values, beliefs, expectations and motivations. This study was therefore an attempt to explain the adaptive experiences of children whose parents were involved in myocardial infarction since they were more likely subjected to get the so-called disease.
To identify the risk factors and to clear ambiguity using a qualitative research method from the experiences of people at risk of the above mentioned disease.
This qualitative study was a directed content analysis. Eighteen children (above 18 years old) of parents with a history of myocardial infarction participated, and were chosen with purposive sampling and the highest diversity. Data were collected through deep and semi structure interviews based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) from March to November 2015, and were analyzed along with their data collection and with usage of Lundman and Graneheim method. Interviews were conducted in non-stressful conditions with a place and time agreement.
During content analysis process, 220 codes were extracted. After reviewing several times and summarizing, the codes were categorized based on similarity and proportion, and finally 12 subcategories and three categories were elicited including efforts to perform self-care in order to prevent HD, poor life style as a factor not to do preventive HD and health continuation with positive changes in life style.
Most participants, despite intending to do self-care behaviors to prevent HD, due to factors such as time constraint, high costs, laziness, impatience and prioritizing other life affairs, did not pay attention to their health. Therefore, providing the training programs with an emphasis on life skills can play an important role in reducing perceived response cost and promoting health.
心血管疾病是全球首要死因。这些疾病源于不健康的生活方式。为应对这一问题，识别出不同态度、价值观、信念、期望和动机人群中心脏病（HD）的多种风险因素至关重要。因此，本研究旨在解释父母曾患心肌梗死的儿童的适应性经历，因为他们更易患上这种疾病。
采用定性研究方法，从上述疾病高危人群的经历中识别风险因素并消除模糊认识。
本定性研究为定向内容分析。选取18名父母有心肌梗死病史的儿童（18岁以上）参与研究，采用目的抽样法且选取具有最高多样性的样本。基于保护动机理论（PMT），于2015年3月至11月通过深度和半结构化访谈收集数据，并在数据收集过程中及使用伦德曼和格拉内海姆方法进行分析。访谈在无压力的条件下进行，提前约定好地点和时间。
在内容分析过程中，提取了220个编码。经多次审阅和总结后，根据相似性和比例对编码进行分类，最终得出12个子类别和3个类别，包括为预防HD而进行自我护理的努力、作为不进行HD预防因素的不良生活方式以及生活方式积极改变后的健康延续。
大多数参与者尽管有意采取自我护理行为预防HD，但由于时间限制、成本高、懒惰、不耐烦以及将其他生活事务置于优先地位等因素，并未关注自身健康。因此，提供注重生活技能的培训项目在降低感知反应成本和促进健康方面可发挥重要作用。
