Cejudo-García de Alba María Del Pilar, Valle-Leal Jaime Guadalupe, Sánchez Beltrán Jesús Gabriel, Vázquez-Amparano Amado de Jesús Francisco
Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General Regional Número Uno, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México.
Unidad de Cuidados intensivos Pediátricos, Hospital General Regional Número Uno, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México.
Rev Chil Pediatr. 2017;88(4):507-510. doi: 10.4067/S0370-41062017000400010.
Tetanus is an acute disease caused by a toxin produced by Clostridium tetanii. The disease can affect people of any age, and the fatality rate is high. Thanks to immunization the number of cases of the disease has decreased, although they are still present in isolation in countries with social and economic backwardness.
To describe a case of a pediatric patient with generalized tetanus to reinforce the relevance of prophylaxis and early detection.
6 years old female patient, with only one dose of pentavalent vaccine, 10 days after sharps injury by wood chips, starts with fever, muscle pain and generalized contractions, Tetanus was diagnosed by clinical symptoms and history. The management was based on the latest recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO): Penicillin-Metronidazole antibiotic regimen, tetanus toxoid and tetanus high-dose gammaglobulin. After 2 years of follow-up under physiotherapy support, slight motor sequelae were observed.
Tetanus is still presented in the pediatric population, associated with lack of vaccination. It is necessary to know the disease to provide proper diagnosis and management according to international lineaments.
破伤风是由破伤风梭菌产生的毒素引起的一种急性疾病。该疾病可影响任何年龄段的人，且死亡率很高。由于免疫接种，该病的病例数有所减少，尽管在社会经济落后的国家仍有个别病例存在。
描述一例小儿全身性破伤风病例，以强化预防和早期检测的重要性。
一名6岁女性患者，仅接种过一剂五价疫苗，在被木屑锐器损伤10天后，开始出现发热、肌肉疼痛和全身性痉挛，根据临床症状和病史诊断为破伤风。治疗基于世界卫生组织（WHO）的最新建议：青霉素-甲硝唑抗生素方案、破伤风类毒素和大剂量破伤风丙种球蛋白。在物理治疗支持下随访2年后，观察到有轻微的运动后遗症。
破伤风在儿童人群中仍然存在，与疫苗接种不足有关。有必要了解该疾病，以便根据国际准则进行正确的诊断和治疗。
