基层医疗中糖尿病视网膜病变筛查项目的覆盖范围及患病率
[Coverage of a screening program and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in primary careç].
作者信息
Covarrubias Trinidad, Delgado Iris, Rojas Daniel, Coria Marcelo
机构信息
Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur Oriente, Santiago, Chile.
Centro de Epidemiología y Políticas de Salud Pública, Clínica Alemana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
出版信息
Rev Med Chil. 2017 May;145(5):564-571. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872017000500002.
BACKGROUND
Diabetic retinopathy is the first cause of blindness during working years.
AIM
Provide knowledge of screening coverage, prevalence and level of diabetic retinopathy in patients that belong to the Cardiovascular Health Program in primary care.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Analysis of retinographies performed to 9076 diabetic patients aged 61 ± 13 years (61% women) adscribed to a Cardiovascular Health program in primary care centers of South-East Metropolitan Santiago. The examination was carried out by the evaluation of retinographies by trained optometrists.
RESULTS
The coverage of the screening program was 21%. The prevalence of sight threatening diabetic retinopathy was 3,1%. The prevalence of these entities was 45% higher in people aged between 18 and 44 years than in older people. Their prevalence in urban communities was 32% higher than in rural locations.
CONCLUSIONS
The coverage of the screening program is low. Diabetic patients aged 18 to 44 years and those coming from urban communities have a higher prevalence of severe non-proliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
背景
糖尿病视网膜病变是工作年龄段人群失明的首要原因。
目的
了解初级保健中纳入心血管健康项目的患者的糖尿病视网膜病变筛查覆盖率、患病率及严重程度。
材料与方法
对9076名年龄为61±13岁（61%为女性）的糖尿病患者的视网膜造影进行分析，这些患者来自圣地亚哥东南部大都会初级保健中心的心血管健康项目。检查由经过培训的验光师通过评估视网膜造影来进行。
结果
筛查项目的覆盖率为21%。威胁视力的糖尿病视网膜病变患病率为3.1%。18至44岁人群中这些病症的患病率比老年人高45%。其在城市社区的患病率比农村地区高32%。
结论
筛查项目的覆盖率较低。18至44岁的糖尿病患者以及来自城市社区的患者中，严重非增殖性和增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率较高。
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