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人工不透水表面的全球分布与密度

Global Distribution and Density of Constructed Impervious Surfaces.

作者信息

Elvidge Christopher D, Tuttle Benjamin T, Sutton Paul C, Baugh Kimberly E, Howard Ara T, Milesi Cristina, Bhaduri Budhendra, Nemani Ramakrishna

机构信息

Earth Observation Group, NOAA National Geophysical Data Center, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA.

Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2007 Sep 21;7(9):1962-1979. doi: 10.3390/s7091962.

DOI:10.3390/s7091962
PMID:28903208
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3841857/
Abstract

We present the first global inventory of the spatial distribution and density ofconstructed impervious surface area (ISA). Examples of ISA include roads, parking lots,buildings, driveways, sidewalks and other manmade surfaces. While high spatialresolution is required to observe these features, the new product reports the estimateddensity of ISA on a one-km² grid based on two coarse resolution indicators of ISA - thebrightness of satellite observed nighttime lights and population count. The model wascalibrated using 30-meter resolution ISA of the USA from the U.S. Geological Survey.Nominally the product is for the years 2000-01 since both the nighttime lights andreference data are from those two years. We found that 1.05% of the United States landarea is impervious surface (83,337 km²) and 0.43 % of the world's land surface (579,703km²) is constructed impervious surface. China has more ISA than any other country(87,182 km²), but has only 67 m² of ISA per person, compared to 297 m² per person in theUSA. The distribution of ISA in the world's primary drainage basins indicates that watersheds damaged by ISA are primarily concentrated in the USA, Europe, Japan, China and India. The authors believe the next step for improving the product is to include reference ISA data from many more areas around the world.

摘要

我们展示了首个关于人造不透水表面积（ISA）空间分布和密度的全球清单。ISA的例子包括道路、停车场、建筑物、车道、人行道及其他人造表面。虽然观测这些特征需要高空间分辨率，但该新产品基于两个ISA的粗分辨率指标——卫星观测到的夜间灯光亮度和人口数量，报告了每平方公里网格上ISA的估计密度。该模型使用了美国地质调查局提供的美国30米分辨率的ISA进行校准。名义上，该产品适用于2000 - 2001年，因为夜间灯光和参考数据均来自这两年。我们发现，美国陆地面积的1.05%是不透水表面（83,337平方公里），世界陆地表面的0.43%是人造不透水表面（579,703平方公里）。中国的ISA比其他任何国家都多（87,182平方公里），但人均ISA只有67平方米，而美国人均为297平方米。世界主要流域的ISA分布表明，受ISA破坏的流域主要集中在美国、欧洲、日本、中国和印度。作者认为改进该产品的下一步是纳入来自世界更多地区的参考ISA数据。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/bb39c85d88a4/sensors-07-01962f13.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/fb96f0a12e41/sensors-07-01962f1.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/162d75f5eebd/sensors-07-01962f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/1c93cd686eb1/sensors-07-01962f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/38e595b5b96e/sensors-07-01962f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/db391b26bcb1/sensors-07-01962f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/bf127b1404ae/sensors-07-01962f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/1197f23d1630/sensors-07-01962f8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/8f8691bbbf31/sensors-07-01962f9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/d5a4187b27b0/sensors-07-01962f10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/b977f2fac349/sensors-07-01962f11.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/3af0f88c18b3/sensors-07-01962f12.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/bb39c85d88a4/sensors-07-01962f13.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/fb96f0a12e41/sensors-07-01962f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/a331a7b53432/sensors-07-01962f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/162d75f5eebd/sensors-07-01962f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/1c93cd686eb1/sensors-07-01962f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/38e595b5b96e/sensors-07-01962f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/db391b26bcb1/sensors-07-01962f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/bf127b1404ae/sensors-07-01962f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/1197f23d1630/sensors-07-01962f8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/8f8691bbbf31/sensors-07-01962f9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/d5a4187b27b0/sensors-07-01962f10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/b977f2fac349/sensors-07-01962f11.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/3af0f88c18b3/sensors-07-01962f12.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8aff/3841857/bb39c85d88a4/sensors-07-01962f13.jpg

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